Comprehensive Assessing For Phalaenopsis Germplasm Resources

The Phalaenopsis aphrodita HG. Reichenbach is a kind of Orchidaceae Phalaenopsis Blume ornamental plant, which has high ornamental and economic value. But with the recent introduction of Phalaenopsis and increase of independent selection, the quantity of the cultivars were becoming more bigger and the application becoming more wider. To establish a comprehensive evaluation system in order to evaluate the characteristics of every cultivar objectively and systematically was eagerly needed. Finally we can provide a theory for offering technological support in selecting, introducing, and cross breeding of Phalaenopsis. In this paper, a synthetic system was established for Phalaenopsis germplasm resources, and41Phalaenopsis were estimated. Analysis of genetic correlation and path analysis of flower width and9quantitative traits of Phalaenopsis were conducted.10cultivars were selected as the excellent parental plants in this experiment of cross breeding, cross-pollination characteristics of Phalaenopsis excellent cultivars and seed germination in vitro were researched. The main findings are as follows:(1)41varieties of Phalaenopsis germplasm resources were observed and statisticed ornamental factors, the mainly14factors affecting the comprehensive quality were selected, according to which a synthetic assessing system was established. The weight of the14factors was quantitatively evaluated by analytic hierarchy process. The flower color, arrangement of inflorescence, flower width, and flower number had the most important effect, and the weight were0.1247,0.1180,0.1021,0.1021, respectively.41varieties of Phalaenopsis were then clustered into3grades by cluster method, and17varieties graded well were selected.(2) The flower width and9mainly traits of39cultivars of Phalaenopsis were investigated. Analysis of genetic correlation and path analysis were conducted. Correlation analysis results showed that flower width was in highly significant positive correlation with flower length, inflorescence length, pedicel length and leaf area, and in significant positive correlation with plant height, stem diameter and the ratio of leaf length and leaf width. Partial correlation analysis results showed that flower width was in highly significant positive partial correlation with flower length, but in negative partial correlation with flower number, plant height, leaf number and ratio of leaf length to leaf width. Path analysis results showed that flower length, inflorescence length, pedicel length and leaf area had great influence on flower width, which could be selected to be important indexes in Phalaenopsis breeding.(3)10Phalaenopsis cultivars were selected as the parental plants to self-cross and hybrid,27combinations were attained. The trend of capsule size of each combination of cultivars showed "S" type, days of capsule ripe on average is150, capsule length, width and weight on average is14.55cm,1.46cm and11.31g, respectively. Seed amount of capsule in different combinations were differences, the gemination rate of seed could reach to95%. As yellow cultivar EG-2102to be the male parental, length, width weight and seed amount of the capsule showed significantly less than others.