| Azithromycin is a new generation of macrolides. Because of its good stability to acid, long half-life, well cell permeability and high drug utilization in tissues, it plays an extremely important role in the treatment of infectious diseases. For the past few years, the application of Azithromycin in non-infectious is also increased. Many researchers have done a lot of study in urticaria, autoimmune thrombocytopenia, and functional dyspepsia. At present, the mechanism of action of these drugs, resistance mechanisms, structure-activity relationships and kinetic characteristics gradually being recognized, which make these drugs more broad prospects for application. However, with the rapid development of the pharmaceutical industry, China’s pet industry has also been an unprecedented development, so large and small animal pet hospitals and private pharmaceutical companies have mushroomed raised. Associated with a large number of clinical applications of antibiotics, drug resistance bacteria gradually become superiority; the drug tolerance of malignant bacteria is also rise year by year, which makes the treatment of bacterial infections becomes increasingly difficult. The gradual occupation of drugs for pets drug market, how to evaluate the effectiveness of drugs and how rational use of antibiotics, is a new challenges to veterinary surgeons.According to the methods of building animal model recommended by American Experimental Animal Models Second Edition (2002, Academic Press), Laboratory Animal Medicine (2008, science publishing house), Laboratory Animal Medicine Tutorials (2008, southeast university publishing house) and Pharmaceutical Experimental Animal Model And Application, we induced the infection of canine respiratory system and subcutaneous deep tissue (abscesses) artificially, so as to provide a theoretical basis for veterinary clinical medicine by observation of Azithromycin’s (QIMEI capsules) clinical treatment in the two diseases. Experiment1Methods: According to vitro drug sensitive test, we selected the Azithromycin-sensitive strains to prepare bacterial suspensions in different concentrations gradient between103～1010CFU/mL, so as to seeking the optimal dose and the best way to build canine model of respiratory infection by tracheal injection、nasal injection、forelimb-veins injection and atomize medication. Animal models are fed with different multiple doses of Azithromycin in0、1、3、5、10. The clinical efficacy of Azithromycin capsules can be verified by observation of clinical turnover、complete blood count and blood biochemical and electrolyte analysis, and the optimal dose of Azithromycin can be defined at the same time. Results:The strains which have been selected in these tests are Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923. Optimal concentration of bacteria suspension is109～1010CFU/ml, and the dose is0.8-1.2mL/kg. The animal models build in this test are meeting the standard of clinical application. Dogs fed with0times dose are infected seriously with time and going to death finally; In the group of1times dose,33.3%(2/6)recovery,33.3%(2/6)excellence,33.3%(2/6) advance,16.7%(1/6) inefficiency, the total effective rate is84.3%(5/6); In the group of3times dose,33.3%(2/6) recovery,33.3%(2/6) excellence,33.3%(2/6) advance,16.7%(1/6) inefficiency, the total effective rate is84.3%(5/6); In the group of5times dose,33.3%(2/6) recovery,33.3%(2/6) excellence,33.3%(2/6) advance,16.7%(1/6) inefficiency, the total effective rate is84.3%(5/6); In the group of10times dose,50%(3/6) recovery,33.3%(2/6)excellence,33.3%(2/6)advance,0%(0/6) inefficiency, the total effective rate is100%(6/6). Azithromycin may cause mild gastrointestinal reactions such as mild vomiting in this test, but it doesn’t affect the test process. Difference of the results is not significant between the groups fed with1、3、5times dose of Azithromycin, But not in the group fed with10times dose, whose total efficiency improved significantly. However, taking the impact on liver and kidney function into account, we choose the1time dose of Azithromycin as the recommended dose, which conform the American society of clinical pharmacists book<Therapeutics>. It will have much smaller difference between those groups when the N values greater. Experiment2: Methods:According to vitro drug sensitive test, we selected the Azithromycin-sensitive strains to prepare bacterial suspensions in different concentration gradient between103-1010CFU/mL, so as to seeking the optimal dose and the best way to build canine model of the subcutaneous deep tissue infection by intramuscular injection、skin smears with immunosuppressant. Animal models are fed with Azithromycin capsules and Marbofloxacin tablets (20mg) in reasonable recommended dose, the clinical efficacy of Azithromycin capsules can be verified by observation of clinical turnover complete blood count and blood biochemical and electrolyte analysis, and Compared with the treatment of Marbofloxacin tablets. Results:The strain selected in this test is the same with the Staphylococcus aureus provided by the microbiology laboratory in Nanjing Agriculture University, isolated from mastitis cows. Optimal concentration of bacteria suspension is109～1010CFU/mL, and the dose is0.8～1.2mL/kg. The animal models build in this test are meeting the standard of clinical application. In the group fed with Azithromycin,66.7%(8/12)recovery,16.7%(2/12)excellence,16.7%(2/12)advance,0(0/12)inefficiency, the total effective rate is100%(12/12); In the group fed with Marbofloxacin tablets (20mg),66.7%(8/12)recovery,25%(3/12)excellence,8.3%(1/12) advance,0(0/12) inefficiency, the total effective rate is100%(12/12). However, Azithromycin may cause gastrointestinal tract such as slight vomiting, which doesn’t affect the test process. It’s significant in the clinical treatment in artificially induction of canine subcutaneous deep tissue infection with Azithromycin and Marbofloxacin. It will have much smaller differences between the two groups when the N values become greater. According to the basic principles of drug treatment written in the American society of clinical pharmacists book<Therapeutics>, Azithromycin can be used in the treatment of clinical skin infection, which has a reasonable recommended dose. |
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