Research On Opener Resistance Test And Ditching Performance In Paddy Soil Conditions

Paddy soil is widely distributed in south China. Its tillage is not only an important task in agricultural production, but also one of the heavy energy consuming operations. Therefore improving the tillage efficiency of paddy soil is still an important issue. According to the situation that study on opener in paddy soil is less at present, this paper has taken kinds of field tests about four different types opener (double-disk opener, single disk opener, wave opener, core ploughshare type opener) in Nanjing Jiangpu Farm, and has elaborated the mechanism interaction between opener and paddy soil. As well, it establishes an evaluation system about the opener ditching performance, which is able to provide a foundation for the cultivation in paddy soil and opener designing.Research and study as follows:1, A platform for opener testing has been designed and built, as a result that it can accurately regulate opener ditching depth and obtain force (traction resistance and positive press) data.2, In this paper, some experiments on field surface conditions and the physical performance of paddy soil, including four soil parameters tests (soil direct shear test, soil hardness test, soil moisture content test and soil density test), have been carried out, by way of sampling three-tier soil samples (0-5cm,5-10cm,10-15cm) in paddy soil.3, Force analysis of four kinds of openers was made. According to the mechanics theory and force analysis, field tests of traction resistance and positive pressure were taken at the forward speed of0.2m/s,0.3m/s,0.4m/s and0.5m/s with three ditching depth of6cm,9cm and12cm. The test results showed that as follows:①In the forward speed of0.2-0.5m/s and ditching depth of6-12cm, traction resistance had appeared linear growth trend (R2=0.9105) with forward speed and ditching depth, and positive pressure had the same relationship likes traction resistance.②Forward speed affected the traction resistance and positive pressure is most, ditching depth ranked second.③Under the same conditions, the traction resistance of acute openers like core ploughshare type opener is absolutely larger than that obtuse openers like double-disk openers. The positive pressure of core ploughshare type opener was less than zero, but others are above zero.④When the ditching quality was met, the field tests of wave opener and single disk opener, showed that: the traction resistance is less by disk opener φ350. The test results are consistent with force analysis.4, Evaluation system of opener performance was established. Through the field tests, the performance of opener was evaluated. The test results showed that double-disk opener is better than the other three kinds of openers with good performance of soil disturbance21%and energy consumption of traction0.86N-mm"1. It can meet the needs of the ditching sowing tillage planter.