Study On The Main Influencing Factors For The Quality Of Mechanical Harvesting Maize Grain

Objective: In this study, we analyzed the influential factors of the maize machinery harvest quality (kernelbroken rate, impurity rate and loss rate) including maize varieties, the kernel moisture content, yield, plantdensity and plant types (space), plant height, ear position height, harvester type and rate of maize harvester.Furthermore, we revealed quantitative relationship between these factors and maize machinery harvestquality.We can make clear the varieties of different period (early, middle and late) ear weight and watercontent decline regularity through the research of the kernel moisture content and ear weight change toprovide evidence for reasonable harvest date.Methods: Choose from a growing field within a uniform, non-sprout deficiency as a sample region,Statistic the number of the plant every meter before harvest and calculate sample harvest of strains.10plants was selected in a row and the plant height, ear node height, ear grain number, ear rows weremeasured, all clusters was removed, ear grain weight was weighed, theory yield was calculated. Harvestermachine and purchase time was investigated; The time of the determination of harvest species in50meterslong, harvest rate was calculated; Selection in the sample period of three samples, each sample point take atwo meters long cut width (5-6rows of corn), collect each sample point of gleaning and grain, determinantthe unit area of the left ear weight and grain weight and calculate the yield loss rate; After in the sampleperiod of harvest, harvest from the harvester granaries of the2kg sample of grains, water content wasdetermined by PM-8188grain moisture meter, repeat5times, take the average value, then the manualsorting complete grain and impurities according to the weight computation grain broken rate and impurityrate, the number of sample meter complete the thousand seed weight of the sample.In the beginning of themaize mature period, until the harvest, every4days from the each of the district where the trial to takeplace2-3maize ear uniform, each cell can represent growing maize. Ear weight, bract weight, axle load ofthe maize, maize grain weight, grain moisture content was determinate. Three replicates for each treatmentand the sample were dried, then weighted, record the data.Results: Results showed that the kernel moisture content was a significant influencing factor for the kernelbroken rate, that kernel moisture content, plant height, ear position height were significant influencingfactors for the loss rate, and that kernel moisture content and planting density were significant influencingfactors for the impurity rate. Other influencing factors on the kernel broken rate, impurity rate and loss ratewere not significant.In testing varieties, the precocious or late variety, the grain moisture content when thephysical maturity are around30%(29-35%). Late after physiological maturity varieties in the grain of thedehydration rate in71tuan, faster than Qitai farm.Conclusion: Maize cultivars in Xinjiang Province are most moderate varieties and the harvest date shouldbe in the mid to late October through the survey. Considering the economic benefit after maize harvest,maize kernel moisture should be below25%which can acquire higher economic efficiency.