Seedless Traits Improvement And Marker Assisted Selection Of F₁of Delight×Ruby Seedless

Seedless grape take important advantages in grape industry due to it is easy to eat andis the main resource of raisins.As far,there are four seedless grape breedingmethods:seeding selection、 crossing breeding、 mutation breeding and Biotechnologybreeding.Crossing breeding can be divided into conventional crossing and embryorescue.They are time consuming and has a very low breeding efficiency except embryorescue.Conventional crossing breeding can only use seeded cultivars as female parent andseedless cultivar as parental,the seedless is very low(0~15.9%). We can use seedlesscultivars as the maternal use the embryo rescue technology and the seedless offspring ratiois increased（45%~82%）.Thompson Seedless and Monulka is the most ancient andrepresentative seedless grape.In this article,we use Thompson seedless and Monulka as themale parent,and the F1offspring that has exceptional table traits and high-yield lines ofDelight×Ruby Seedless、self-pollination offspring of Flame Seedless and seedless cultivarBlush Seedless as the female parent,through embryo rescue,wo get579strains,8strains isseedlessness when we use Marker Assisted Selection detect206strains of them.Main resultsas following:(1)Get a batch of seedless hybrid grape offspring by embryo rescue: the use of embryorescue techniques, hybrids F1progeny as strong female parent and non-nuclear traitsseedless and seedless seedless grape varieties and excellent performance embryo rescuepurple as the male parent hybrid design crosses13, and get576hybrid seedlings. Amongthem, the the hybrid seedless fine lines and the combination of a nuclear-free purple9,access to561; seedless cultivar as female parents get15offspring.(2)Different hybrid combinations embryo rescue the seedlings results are quitedifferent, fine lines soft-core as the female parent embryo rescue embryo development rateand higher rate of seedlings; nuclear varieties of seedless hybrid lower.(3)Different hybrid combinations suitable sampling time:The suitable sampling time ofDR1×Monulka、DR6×Thompson seedless, and DR7×Zhengguo seedless are DAF48days,50days and50days; the sampling time of DR1, DR6and DR7self-pollination was48days,50days and50days, and the same to their cesses, therefore, the suitable sampling time mainly according to the female parent.(4)Different hybrid combinations suitable medium for germination medium: DR1×Monulka has a higher rate of embryo development on MM3medium that has no hormone;DR7×Zhengguo seedless has a higher rate of embryo development on MM3+IAA0.5mg/L+GA30.5mg/L; the DR10×Thompson seedless as a higher rate of embryo developmenton ER+IAA0.5mg/L+GA30.5mg/L;each combinations has a higher embryo germinationrate in the WP+0.2mg/L6-BA.(5)1119plants of406strains were transplanted to hardening in greenhouse,703ofthem survived, hardening survival rate is62.82%(6)Use seedless markers GSLP1identify the original parents of hybrids and foundGLSP1suitable for the detection of seedless traits in the offspring in our experiment. eightplant has seedless trait of200hybrid seedlings.