| The experiments were taken from2010to2012in order to study the effectsof Potassium fertilization modes and combined different organic acids onphysiological characteristics and yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves. Themain results as follows:1. Potassium application rate and its supplemental proportionEffects of different fertilizer amount and rations of Base K to Dress K fertilizer on agronomycharacter, main chemical, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves were studied by fieldexperiment in western Henan Province. The results showed that the plant height, maxium leaflength and width, stem thickness of tobacco plants improved gradually with the applicationamount and dressing amounts of potassium fertilizer increasing, in which agronomic characters oftobacco plants were effectively improved at50:50of the ratio of base K to Dress K fertilizer.Increasing potassium fertilizer could significantly raised potassium content of tobacco leaves, totalcontent of neutral aroma components in upper leaves and yield, whereas nicotine content intobacco leaves reduced. Potassium content in middle and upper leaves increased significantly withincreasing dressing K fertilizer amount, and yield of tobacco leaves at middle and lower potassiumfertilizer level and proportion of superior and moderate tobacco leaves also improved at highpotassium fertilizer level. Moreover, obvious effects were observed on the total content of neutralaroma components, general chemical components and mineral elements at different rations ofBase K to Dress K fertilizer.2. Different topdressing stage of potassium fertilizerThe effect of the five different Kinds of potassium fertilization topdressing periods under thesame amount at resettling period totally1time (T1), fast-growing period totally1time(T2),mature period totally1time(T3), the above three periods proportion at1:1:1(T4), fast-growingand mature proportion at1:2(T5) on main chemical, mineral element content, petroleum etherextracts, aroma constituents and the economic characters of flue-cured tobacco leaves werestudied by field experiment in Central Area of Henan Province. The results revealed that both K、Pcontent in middle and upper leaves and Cu、Mn content in upper leaves were improved at T4.Moreover, petroleum ether extracts and aroma constituents were also affected in certain degree.Both T4and T5can preferably meet plants’ demands of potassium, and had the highest outputvalue and yield.3. Different types of organic acids and combined potassium fertilizerStudy found that fulvic acid potassium root irrigation can increase the activity of roots oftopping stage, while the lactic acid, malic acid, citric acid and oxalic acid irrigation to keeptopping early to100D after transplanting, the root active absorption ability. Dealing with the application of fulvic acid potassium than the control and other treatments increased the dome ofthe photosynthetic rate, than the control significantly increased the leaf transpiration rate anddealing with the application of oxalic acid. Treatment with citric acid, fulvic acid potassiumoxalate, the potassium content in tobacco leaves increased than the control, treatment with oxalicacid, malic acid, fulvic acid potassium potassium content in upper leaves than the control,treatment with oxalic acid higher than control, lower leaf maturity. Fertilizer treatment of oxalicacid, fulvic acid, citric acid and potassium were decreased by manganese content in upper leaves13.52%,9.84%,8.22%, processing with oxalic acid, boron content in the lower leaves10.17%and14.02%higher than that of the control. Application of the treatment of citric acid were higher thanthose of the control of chlorophyll, carotene content, at the same time with fulvic acid, malic acid,citric acid and potassium decreased leaf chlorophyll content after baking, easing the carotenedegradation, treatment with citric acid and fulvic acid potassium of the aroma components inmiddle leaves of neutral baked after22.14%and11.71%higher than that of the control. |
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