Research Of Flower Color And Petal Flavoroids Of Hemerocallis

Based on the need of color breeding, one hundred twelve Hemerocallis (8species and104cultivars) were used to investigate the color distribution and the flavonoid profile inHemerocallis petals by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI-MSn. The differences of theflavonoid composition species and cultivars of Hemerocallis were explored. Then, theeffects of the flavonoids on the petal coloration were discussed. And extraction ofpigment from the flowers of Hemerocallis, the effects of some influential factorsincluding temperature, pH and light on the stability of the pigment were alsoexperimented. The main results were as follows1. A fast and reliable extraction conditions were found as follows: methanol-formicacid （98:2v/v）extraction solvent at a solid-to-liquid ratio of1:10(g/mL) with theassistance of30minutes ultrasonic treatment. The stability of the pigment was highest inthe hidden place, next under the natural light, and the lowest under sunlight. The thermostability of the pigment was good below35℃, but it decreases above35℃. theanthocyanin was stable to strongly acidic environments while unstable to slightly acidicor nearly neutral environments, and the carotenoid was stable to slightly alkali and nearlyneutral environments while unstable to acidic environments.2. The results showed that the variation of Hemerocallis floral colors were almostlinear among carnation purple, vermeil, carmine red, golden, apricot and citrineaccessions. Hemerocallis eye were almost carnation purple, vermeil, carmine red,Hemerocallis throal were almost golden, apricot and citrine accessions.3. A fast and reliable HPLC method was developed for simultaneous separation offlavonoid in Hemerocallis petals, including solvent A,99:1(V/V) water-formic acid,solvent B,100%acetonitrile at a flow rate of0.8mL/min. The applied elution programswere:0-13min, linear gradient from5-10%;13-22min, linear gradient from10-15%;22-26min, linear gradient from15-20%;26-27min, linear gradient from20-21%;27-30min, linear gradient from21-22%;30-34min, linear gradient from22-30%;34-40min,linear gradient from30-5%.4. Ten flavonoids were characterized by combination of powerful tools(HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MSn). They were Delphinidin3-O-rutinoside, Cyanidin3-O-rutinosid,Quercetin3-O-rutinoside-7-rhamnoside, Myricetin3-O-rutinoside, Kaempferol3-O-rutinoside-7-rhamnoside, Quercetin3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol3-O-glucoside,Isorhamnetin3-O-rutinoside, Kaempferol3-O-rutinoside and Kaempferol3-O-glucopyranoside.5. Varietal differences among surveyed Hemerocallis species and cultivars weresignificant in both of the flavonoid kind and relative content. Based on the results of cluster analysis,the surveyed Hemerocallis species/varieties can be clustered into fourcategories. The yellow did not have anthocyanins， the carmine red had lower levels ofanthocyanins and carnation purple or vermeil had higher levels of anthocyanins.6. The type and content of anthocyanin and flavonoid were the main factor ofHemerocallis flower color. The acumulation of Dp3Ru and Cy3Ru can reduce thebrilliant desree of Hemerocallis pigments. However, Dp3Ru can increase the red in petal,meanwhile decrease the yellow. Is3Ru can enhance both the brightness and brillianle ofHemerocallis petal. Km3Ru can reduce the yellow pigments.