Research Of The Chinese Cabbage Security Fertilization In The Huang-huai Region In China

To get high output and high benefit,excessive fertilizers wereemployed, resulting in decline of vegetable quality, high nitrate accumulation,environment deterioration, which led to fertility waste，finally jeopardized human’ssurvival and health. Chinese cabbage, a very important vegetable, is severely affected.In this experiment, mixed employment of N fertilizer and organic manure were usedto study nitrate accumulation, nitrogen fertilizer on yield, nitrate in the soil, in orderto search for reliable measures to control nitrate accumulation and improve the qualityof vegetable.1. With the amount of nitrogen fertilizer increase，Vc content graduallybecome high. Vc content showed a decrease-increase trend when the organic manureemployment increase. But when it come to soluble sugar and soluble protein，theopposite is right.With the application of organic manure increase, soluble sugar firstincrease and then decrease.while soluble protein maintain increase. With the increaseof organic manure employment, the nitrate content increase significantly. With thesame nitrogen fertilizer the nitrate content obviously showed deincrease when theincrease of organic manure employment. Formulated organic manure and properamount of N fertilizer decreased nitrate content obviously，increased the Chinesecabbage production，especially when middle level nitrate fertilizer and middle levelmallure were incorporated．So reducing the nitrate fertilizer was the ultimate measurein improving Chinese cabbage quality．2. During cultivation time, the dry matter of cabbage first increase and thendecrease throughout the experiment. During the whole growth period, two faste periodof dry matter accumulation exist, including the resettling stage and the package heartstage, the quality of Chinese cabbage showed the same result.3. In the fertilizer application of N:P2O5:K2O=210:40.5:320kg/hm2, the resultsof eight treatments showed that the combined rate of organic and inorganic fertilizermass fraction was3:1to get the optimum effect in the general.4. The soil residues of NPK were enriched in the topsoil. With the nitrogenfertilizer increase, the effective utilization for nitrogen fertilizer showed a decrease trend. With the increase of organic manure employment, the effective utilization fornitrogen fertilizer showed an increase trend. The same trend appeared on forphosphate and potash. On the contrary, the potash fertilizer showed a decrease vendwhen the potash fertilizer used less. In this experiment, the effective utilization rate is30.8%for nitrogen fertilizer,23.9%for phosphate fertilizer and44.9%for potashfertilizer.5. Nitrogen application increased alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen obviously,phosphorus and potassium actively accumulate in0~60cm depth of soil profile,residual alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were high when highamount of nitrogen was applied. With the nitrogen fertilizer increase, the alkalinehydrolysis nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were enriched in the topsoil.In thesame condition, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen decrease when the application oforganic manure increased.