Construction And Technical Research Of Circular Agriculture Mode Of "Cow Dung And Maize Straw-mushrooms-fertilizer-vegetables" In Cold Regionof North Liaoning Province

Circular agriculture is the only way for sustainable development of China’s agriculture, which is an objective choice for improving economic benefit, ecological benefits and social benefit in the vast rural areas. This study, starting from ecological characteristics, resource characteristics and economic characteristics of north Liaoning province, taking Faku and Kangping as base, establishes a circular agriculture mode adapting to the vast rural areas of Liaoning province by cultivation of agaricus bisporus, cultivation of the fungus dishes rotation and testing and evaluation of experiment data. The results are summarized as follows.1. In this paper, cold region of north Liaoning province as the implementing region, the waste of abundant maize straw and cow dung in Faku as recycle resources, the study establishes circular agriculture mode of "cow dung and maize straw-mushrooms-fertilizer-vegetables" by the cyclic technology of crop rotation of mushrooms and vegetables in heliogreenhouse of double films. Practices show that the mode is suitable for ecological characteristic and resource characteristic and fit in well with economic development of north Liaoning province. The mode is scientific, feasible and effective, so it has the value for expansion and application.2. Maize straw, corn cob and cow dung are main ingredients for box stereoscopic cultivation technology. Compared with the traditional process, the localization of cultural materials is come true. The technical questions of uneven cultivation material, incomplete fermentation and mildew of cultivation material at the later stage have resolved fundamentally by straw crushing kneading process and cow dung dewatering crushing process. Meanwhile, the fermentation time is greatly shortened in average by15days and the work force is reduced by20%by using the grinding process.The advantages of box stereoscopic cultivation technology are high inventory per unit area, high biological efficiency, high utility rate of space, flexible and convenient operation, optional laying and high utility rate of space comparing to the traditional posture cultivation. This cultivation mode is more suitable for the industrial and mechanized cultivation of agaricus bisporus which has excellent promoting prospect. It is reported by the novelty search report of institute for scientific information that the box stereoscopic cultivation technology of agaricus bisporus has not been reported so far.3. It is an effective method of realizing cyclic utilization of mushroom residue and the cultivation of high quality vegetables by the rotary tillage cultivation of vegetables utilizing mushroom residue and soil in heliogreenhouse. Bacteria in food crop rotation one-year pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation of the two-year cycle points. Experimental results show that it can improve the quality of vegetables by adding proportional mushroom residue in cultivation soil. For example, it can improve soluble sugar content, soluble protein content and chlorophyll content of leaf vegetables. The optimum adding proportion of mushroom residue is40%. The soluble sugar content, soluble solid content, organic acid content and vitamin C content of mature tomato fruit cultivating with40%mushroom residue are improved. And the soluble sugar content improved30.5%comparing to the control group. The differences are obvious and the tomato fruit taste good.4. The cultivation effect of vegetables with bacterial manure which is prepared by adding bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis and photosynthetic bacteria to mushroom residue is obvious. Relevant detection index showed that the effect of bacterial manure on physiological indexes of vegetables is apparently higher than the group which cultivated only with mushroom residue.5. There are4months cold phases each winter season in north Liaoning province. The anniversary of circulation pattern implementation must crack problem of wintering of culture places. On the basis of the existing heliogreenhouse, hang a layer of plastic greenhouses, the structure of the double-layer films assure the temperatures of winter greenhouse increased3~5℃. In the summer half underground of sunlight greenhouse structure than in control greenhouse reduced3~5℃temperature. The patent product of high strength spring clip for greenhouses inner membrane double membrane science offers may hang, cost is only10%per mu of that in the conventional hang, good promotion prospects.6. The real-time collection of remote data and images are achieved by internet technologies in agriculture. At the same time, the long-range control of open and close of heating, humidify, ventilate and shading in greenhouse is achieved through the operational orders of computer terminal. This study is another innovation point of the paper.7. The circular agriculture mode of "cow dung and maize straw-mushrooms-fertilizer-vegetables" has good benefit increment value. Crop rotation of mushroom and vegetables in a greenhouse of one acre can realize the output value of90000yuan a year, benefit of60000yuan, solve four rural employments. Using Mengjia green food development zone as an example, if the industry pattern is implemented, according to the500building greenhouses size calculation, the output value is45million yuan every year which solve the2000jobs directly. Meanwhile, the development of related services, sales and personnel employment are also boosted which has good economic benefit, ecological benefits and social benefit.