A Study On Soil And Water Conservation Measures For Development And Construction Projects In Jiangsu

With the development of economics as well as industrialization and urbanization, soil and water losses caused by development and construction are increasingly serious. Soil and water loss caused by construction activities, is the main cause of soil and water loss in Jiangsu province. Taking soil and water conservation measures effectively, is one of the important ways to ensure the coordinated development of the economy and ecological environment protection.This study discusses characteristics and conservation measures of erosion loss, through survey the basic situation of198representative construction projects in Jiangsu province, and relevant typical cases study.The main contents and conclusions are presented as follows:1.Soil and water conservation measures of construction projects in Jiangsu Province include topsoil stripping, land remediation, debris measures, drainage, revegetation, interim protection measures, and slope protective measures.Topsoil stripping include permanent and temporary use of surface soil stripping. Range of overburden stripping thickness is10cm to30cm, which have little difference in different regions. There was also no significant difference between greening soil thickness in different regions.Land remediation has four types, including remediation of flat ground, slope-land, tailings, and reclaimer field. It is a process in accordance with lands to transform into agricultural and forest lands, by leveling ground and paving curing soil. The thickness of casing soil about farmland, grassland, undershrub, high bush, tree of shallow root and deep root, are respectively40cm to60cm,10cm to30cm,20cm to30cm,30cm to40cm,40cm to60cm.Retaining walls of construction projects in Jiangsu are mainly for gravity mortared retaining walls. In practice, the walls should be choosed by comparing the advantages and disadvantages. There are drainage network, masonry drains, mound system, and flood walls, which are used for drainage control measures. Drainages of construction projects in Jiangsu are mainly for mortared drainages with trapezoid section, while most permanent desilting pools are rectangle section.Size of drainages in different regions has little difference.Vegetation measures is mainly by planting shrubs and grass, sowing grass seed, sometimes also taking measures for rehabilitation. Trees are mainly cavernous planting. The tree cavernous specifications are pit diameter with0.5m to1.5m, hole depth with0.4m to0.6m. Shrubs cavernous specifications for pit diameter are0.3m to0.6m and hole depth with0.3m to0.5m.Temporary protection measures include mainly temporary drainage ditches, mound system, woven bags, and temporary breast walls, eta. Temporary drain size range in different kinds of soil and water loss area is close. The slope of Temporary drain:general area> plain sand area> hilly mountain area. The common settling basins are the rectangular settling basin. Temporary blocking protection measures of general area and sand plain area are taken by the same size, while slope of the measures in hilly areas are smaller than others.Slope protection measures of various construction projects are divided into slope, plant protection and comprehensive protection (skeleton slope protection with vegetation), which should be choosed by the characters. High and steep slope protection include spraying anchor net protection and plain shotcrete protection.2. In different stages and areas of construction, the amount and strength of soil loss in development and construction projects show significant differences. The stage of severe soil loss is mainly concentrated in the construction period, while the others’ is construction preparation stage. The areas which happen severe soil loss are temporary pile soil area and spoil ground.3. According to the characters of soil erison in different regions and types of construction projects, soil and water conservation measures should be choosed reasonably. Serious soil and water loss regions should strengthen the use of soil conservation measures, such as pile soil area and spoil ground.4. Based on the characteristics of construction activities which lead to soil and water losses, Jiangsu development and construction projects should take suitable soil and water conservation measures for main works, abandoned dreg site, and construction material site.