Cognition Study On The Dynamic Change Of Chinese "NP Xia"

"Xia" is one of the most basic single syllable localizers, which is also used frequently andwidely. During the thousands of years of language development history, the meaning of "xia"underwent changes at the same time, which can be explained by grammatical analysis andcognitive domain.The research method in this paper is combining synchronic analysis and diachroniccomparison together. Firstly, this paper makes a study of the semantic meaning of "xia", fromwhich we can find out the basic and non-basic meanings of "xia". Secondly, on the basic ofplenty of language materials, this paper conduct an investigation in the types and distributioncharacteristics of "xia" in different periods of history and made an induction of the meanings of"NP" and "NP xia". Thirdly, by dynamic comparison and statistical analysis, this paper finds outthe evolvement course of the semantic meanings and types of "xia" during different periods,which may give the clues of meaning eclipses and generalization of "NP xia".Finally, this paper studies the meaning eclipses and generalization of "NP xia" from theperspective of grammaticalization and studies the dynamic evolution process of "NP xia" fromthe perspective of cognition domain, which is mainly functioned by metaphorical mechanism,including orientational metaphor and ontological metaphor.