Study Of "拿" Sentence Pattern In Nankang (Tangjiang) Dialect

Nankang dialect contributes in Hakka. This thesis mainly studies on "拿"sentence pattern in Nankang (Tangjiang) dialect, which has been described, explained,and concluded on the basis of the sufficient original document achieved by the deeplyinvestigation of dialects, referring to the achievement of "给" sentence pattern inmandarin.The thesis concludes three parts mainly:Chapter Two: study on the part of speech and semanteme of "拿" in Nankang(Tangjiang) dialect. We found that "拿" can be used as a verb or as a preposition inNankang (Tangjiang) dialect: when it is used as a verb, it has the semanteme of hold,or use, or give, or dispose, or causative meaning; when it is used as a preposition, itrefers passive or give, which are instable.Chapter Three: classification and evolvement of "拿" sentence pattern inNankang (Tangjiang) dialect. We learn that four sentence patterns can be classifiedfrom "拿" sentence pattern in Nankang (Tangjiang) dialect: SVO and sentencepatterns evolved by it, double object sentences, disposal sentences, and passivesentences. Moreover, we analyze the evolvement of the semanteme of "拿" inNankang (Tangjiang) dialect. It developed the meaning of use, give, and dispose fromthe meaning of hold. Then the meaning of give produced the meaning of causativeand the preposition meaning of give and passive. The evolvement is mostlyconcordant with the evolvement process of "拿" in other dialects of Southern China.Chapter Four: comparison of "拿" sentence pattern in Nankang (Tangjiang)dialect and "给" sentence pattern in mandarin. Through the comparison we found thatthe semantemes of corresponding sentence patterns are concordant. They are differentin word order, active of certain words, building mode of several double objectsentences, and typical sentence patterns of disposal sentences.