The Research On The Cause Of Sudan North And South Seperation

July9th,2011, the Republic of South Sudanese was founded, becoming the youngest country in the world.The departure of South Sudan is not necessary, affected by multi-factor. Before the colonialism, the boundary between North and South had been distinct. North Sudan belongs to the Arab-Islam world, while the South Sudan belongs to the Sahara-African. During the Turco-Egyptian conquest, slave trade was the main contents, which creates the general impression of Arabs plundering and enslaving south Africans. On British colonists’arrival, it adopted a divide and rule management, further intensifying diversity within Sudan and restraining north-south contacts. Thus the colonial rule since19th century became a historic factor of south problem. Since Sudan’s independence, on the condition of not considering the southern reality, successive governments put Islamic ideal ahead of national interests. Confronted with Muslim’s Arabism, South Sudan had grown African-Christian identity before national identity shaped, revolting against Arab-Islam identity, which constitutes the racial and religious factor. Meanwhile, power was monopolized by minority elites, leaving the rights of South Sudan marginalized. In other words, the state structure determined that South Sudan’s political appeal could’t be satisfied and social development lag far behind. Therefore, South Sudan chose to separate so as to alter its marginalized status. Without meeting the need, the southern resistant movement fighting for freedom, as well as rough peace process leads to a final liberate.After its secession, despite the fact that petroleum transportation, territorial entitlement and boundary division have been haunting the relations between Sudan and South Sudan, there’s no possibility of coming back to a large-scale war. In the meanwhile, South Sudan is confronted with many challenges, such as economic prospect, social development, political reform in building a national-state.