Marx And Engels’s Thought Of People’s Cultural Livelihood And Its Development In China

In modern times, with the great development of productivity, the growing abundance of material wealth and the increase of free time, people demand more and more spiritual and cultural life. Thus, the people’s cultural livelihood goes gradually into people’s eyes and becomes the focus of attention and talk. Richer spiritual and cultural life and more cultural products and better services are provided to the people, which become the important focus of the party and the state in order to promote cultural construction and to let culture benefit people’s livelihood. Therefore, studying and discussing the people’s cultural livelihood is not only the requirement of the times, but also the need of reality, which has the profound theoretical significance and practical value. Based on the text of Marxism, the paper explores Marx and Engels’s thought of people’s cultural livelihood, and analyzes its connotation, inheritance and development in China. According to this thought, this paper mainly discusses three parts as follows.The first part mainly combs the main content of Marx and Engels’s thought of people’s cultural livelihood. Firstly, meeting the needs of the people’s cultural livelihood of the "realistic people" is the logic starting point of Marx and Engels’s thought of people’s cultural livelihood."Realistic people" is the basis of existence and development of the people’s cultural livelihood. If the "realistic people" is not the starting point of historical materialism, Marx and Engels cannot create cultural thought of the people’s cultural livelihood. The "realistic people" has two basic human needs. The people’s material livelihood need to be satisfied is the first premise of the people’s cultural livelihood need. And to dedicate to the fulfillment of the people’s cultural livelihood need is a starting point of Marx and Engels’s thought of the people’s cultural livelihood. Secondly, free and comprehensive development of humanity is the basic value goal of the thought of the people’s cultural livelihood of Marx and Engels. Marx and Engels point that different from the alienated and one-sided people’s cultural livelihood of capitalism, the people’s cultural livelihood in communist society does really meet people’s spiritual and cultural needs and its ultimate value goal of people’s cultural livelihood is the free and comprehensive development of humanity. Finally, protecting the people’s cultural rights is the important part of the people’s cultural livelihood thought of Marx and Engels. Marx and Engels think that to protect the people’s cultural rights needs the press freedom. Because the press freedom is not only the expressive tools of people’s cultural rights, but also the material force to achieve the people’s cultural livelihood. And since people are the creator of spirit and culture and the owner of cultural rights, we need to safeguard the cultural rights of the people.The second part mainly expounds Marx and Engels’s thought of people’s cultural livelihood is developed in China. Firstly, MAO Zedong thought inherited and developed Marx and Engels’thought of people’s cultural livelihood. MAO Zedong establishes the people’s cultural livelihood which is the people-oriented value orientation. The masses are starting point and the foothold and the strength to rely on to realize the people’s cultural livelihood. At the same time, MAO Zedong puts forward the concrete ways to achieve the people’s cultural livelihood. Secondly, Marx and Engels’ thought of the people’s cultural livelihood is developed in contemporary China. Based on the socialist spiritual civilization construction, Deng Xiaoping mainly stipulates the general direction of the people’s cultural livelihood development is cultural services for the people and socialism. Jiang Zemin continues to develop a connotation of socialist spiritual civilization and enriches the Marxism classical writers, especially Deng Xiaoping’s theory of the people’s cultural livelihood. He stresses that to represent the fundamental interests of most people is the core of the Treaty of the people’s cultural livelihood, and to meet people’s cultural needs is the basic task of the people’s cultural livelihood construction. According to the new change and development of era, Hu Jintao puts forward the people-oriented direction of the people’s cultural livelihood construction, and system and profound cultural construction principles and policies to promote the great prosperity and development of culture, to meet the people’s spiritual and cultural needs, and to realize person’s full scale development.The third part illuminates the combination Marxist thought of people’s cultural livelihood with the people’s cultural livelihood construction of contemporary China. Under the guidance of people’s cultural livelihood thoughts of Marx and Engels and the Chinese communist party leaders, contemporary Chinese people’s cultural livelihood building should be emphatically from the following several aspects:The first, cultural construction should focus on the people’s spiritual and cultural needs; The second, we should construct the benign cultural ecology; Thirdly, we should vigorously develop the cultural productivity; Fourthly, we should safeguard and realize the cultural rights of the people.