Modern Chinese Body Movement Vocabulary Study Class Basic Level Categories

In recent years, the development of cognitive linguistics for Chinese study has injected new vitality. At present, in China the cognitive linguistics research and use are mainly focused on the study of cognitive grammar and metaphors, both vocabulary study is relatively small. However, the vocabulary is an important component of language systems, is also a Chinese language teaching, particularly important link in teaching Chinese to international. At the same time, body movement words in modern Chinese have strong action image, and closely related to people’s daily lives. It is the first and easiest part of words forpeople to learn. Therefore, this article based on the basic levels of category theory. The words studied in the article come from an electronic dictionary which is written by Su Xinchun. Based on the extraction standard, I extracted the basic-level body movement words and make an in-depth study.In this article the body movement words refer to the verb words in modern Chinese, acted by and only by people or animal, not including ancient Chinese, dialect and the words only for formation morpheme, not including the words which can act both by arms and legs or other parts of body, not including the words which indirectly acted by body. Body including human or animal hands (claws), arms, feet and legs. I based on the definition of body movement words, through the analysis of characteristics of such words, identified the basic standards--"gestalt", as well as other supporting standards. While, I also made the extraction process:excluded non-wordsâ†'excluded the ancient words, dialect words and oral wordsâ†'excluded non-body movement wordsâ†'excluded allograft words and shaped wordsâ†'division small semantic areasâ†'excluded subordinate-level wordsâ†'excluded words which have the same meaningâ†'chosen the syllable form of the words on single or multiple syllablesâ†'through predefined pigment analysis judged the degrees of the words’ gestaltâ†'extraction preparation basic-level wordsâ†'questionnaire validationâ†'results. Finally, I extract77basic-level body movement words in modern Chinese.Based on extraction, I analyzed the characteristics and metaphor of basic-level body movement words in depth. Most basic-level body movement words are single-syllable words, and their sound, rhythm and exhibit are always concentrated. There are differences in the use of body, tools and also the nature of the actions between basic-level body movement words. On the whole, these words have strong integral formation ability, at the same time there are differences. About the metaphors of the basic-level body movement words, I focused on the metaphor type, patterns of metaphor and image schema.The basic-level body movement words in my article are in line with the laws of human understanding. It provides a code reference for making a dictionary which is with a lot of pictures. And it also has value for international Chinese teaching.