Ethnic Township Government Function Transformation Problem

Transformation of the government functions is an important issue studied by both politicians and academics. Since900millions people is under the direct jurisdiction of the governments of villages and towns, they are playing an extremely important role in the rural political, economic and cultural life, effective government functions is directly related to rural economic development and social stability. It is necessary to focus on the transformation of the villages and towns’government functions in the context of countryside construction and concentrating on "Three agriculture problems", and the academia has obtained some research results.Due to regional differences and the unbalanced economic development, it shows large difference between villages around the country. Compared to the other towns, township in the national regions are significantly different in geographical conditions, social ethnic composition and social economic development level. That makes a difference in the villages and towns’ government functions and the way they change. Thus, it is necessary to study how the function changes by taking ethnic region towns as a separate subject.This article carried on a preliminary research on the issue of national regions township governments’function transformation by field investigation and questionnaire, the main contents are as follows: The introduction explains the background and significances of changing the villages and towns’ government functions in the national regions, expounds relevant research on the issue, research methods and framework.Chapter II defines the core concept, summarizes both the theories about transformation of the township governments’ function and the process of evolution. Then introduces social developments of the national regions’ township.Chapter III introduces the current situations of the national regions’ township governments’ function. First of all, introducing the national regions’ township governments’ function. In addition to take the general functions, the national regions’township governments have some other functions, such as, implementation of national policy, promoting national unity; protection and inheritance of national culture; safeguarding national sovereignty and territorial integrity; managing religious affairs; Implementation of the state environmental protection policy. Then it summarized the problems of performing their functions, including policy’s unfavorable results; high cost for providing public services; governments’lacking of control over the society; high pressure for holding stability.Chapter IV identifying the goal of transformation of the villages and towns’ government functions. It first summarized the characteristics of the township social development by means of analyzing the development situation. Based on this we identified the goal:in the short term, focusing on both economic development and social service; the long-range objectives is building a service-oriented government.Chapter V analyzed difficulties about the function change, including some general difficulties such as, the constraints of administrative system and fiscal capacity; low quality of the public official; and lacking of impetus for reform. Meanwhile, we are facing some particular difficulties such as special administrative system and environment; special functional requirements, etc.Chapter VI puts forwards countermeasures: enhances the control over rural society; promoting the transformation of the government functions by using ethnic policies; deepen reform of the administrative system; setting up the concept of service-oriented government; and increasing the quality of the township public officials.