From Government To Governance: A Study On The Transformation Of Government Model Of City Community In China

City Community Governance(CCG) is the basis of social governance, and plays an important role in the realization of economic and social development and the maintenance of national stability. CCG model is the summary and the refinement to the practical experiences of city community governance, transformation of CCG mode in theory can enrich the foundation of public administration theory, new materials and new perspective for the study of public management; in practice, in order to solve the crisis and contradiction, and advance the ability of CCG, has the important guiding significance and application.From government to governance is the thought thread run through the paper, and is also the theoretical basis of city community government mode transformation."government" and "governance", only one word difference, but profound connotation, governance at the national level reflects the significant change in governance idea transformation rule, highlight the party’s ruling concept of sublimation and statecraft. City community governance is the basis of governing the country and society and an important part, also need from management to governance.To complete the transformation from "government" to "governance", we need to firstly research their essential meaning, and their internal logic transformation. Management and governance, they are two different but closely related concepts, the relationship between the two is quite complex, some scholars often even when used without distinction. So far, scholars of management and governance implications and no understanding of the complete reunification of. This understanding of management in public management level management,1Ancient Chinese Literature Search circles the most general understanding:public organizations to effectively realize the public interests, the public power management of social activities of social public affairs. As for governance more difficult in understanding, Commission on global governance "is defined as:" governance "in various public or private individuals and institutions to manage their sum to the transaction of. This is a conflicting or differing interests can be reconciled and from to take cooperative action to the continuous process. It includes the right to compulsory system and government official to defend, can include all people agree or think informal institutional arrangement is in line with the interests of the."government" and "management" of the difference is not the symbol itself, but change the symbol behind the reaction to the idea, concept, connotation, the intrinsic logic relationship and between the two, the main performance: changing the concept of governance, governance transition, transformation of the way of governance, transformation, the goal of governance public power resource allocation mode etc..The last century80’s, the governance theory began to rise in the global scope, and forming a splendid system governance theory spectacular, the impact on the traditional city community management theory, constructs a model of the city community governance theory, the city community autonomy construction produced far-reaching influence, mainly as follows:(1) change of expression and connotation about the city community governance.(2) in the control of the main body, the status and role of outstanding non governmental organizations, individual residents.(3) in the management, outstanding equal consultation, public participation mode.(4) in governance objectives, highlight the provision of public goods and public services for the residents.For a long time,"government" had occupied the highest position in our national and social management. In the history of the community management mode transformation of China, from the unit system of city community management mode to the city community management pattern of community cooperation, all embody the importance and role of the "management". But with the establishment and perfection of the market economy, community governance has also risen, some city community is carried out some useful exploration. So far, the emergence of a variety of modes of the pattern of community governance in our country, can be summarized as several Shanghai mode, Shenyang mode, Jianghan mode of typical model. Research and the existence of these community governance model of successful experience, provides the historical basis for our community management model transformation, but also provides guidance for the material of experience and theory of our future community governance mode transition.From the historical to reality, the transformation of community management mode of our country is facing the old concepts, government leading, system, lack of social autonomy ability and other practical constraints. Of these factors, historical and realistic analysis of its causes, transformation and direction in order to provide practical basis for our country community management mode.Because the time of our country community construction is not long, the relative lack of experience in CCG. In contrast, the foreign community governance model has been produced and developed for many years, there are many ways to mature and scientific way, worth learning and reference. Therefore, community governance mode of the western advanced countries introduced and research America, Japan, Singapore and so on can provide experience for the transformation of our community management mode. To sum up, mainly reflected in the following points:(1) adhere to the "people-oriented" community management;(2) the establishment of community management mechanism of service oriented;(3) perfect community legal system;(4) the city social governance mode of multi subject participation.Both history and reality of community management in China, or the community governance theory and practice, to remind us of the community management mode transformation is inevitable. The community management mode transformation is a systems engineering, need to stand in the governance of the country and society, systematic thinking from philosophy, culture, system, history and reality and many other aspects of in-depth study, path management pattern optimization and transformation of the city community.(1) in the community governance idea, from setting up service government concept, changes two aspects of community residents "managed" elaborated the concept.(2) in the community governance structure, the traditional community management structure and community governance structure are compared, and then the subject of community governance structure in power and distribution aspects of Party and government departments, Property Management Company and other subjects.(3) in the community governance and political culture resources, separately from the play an exemplary community party organization at the basic level leading role, improve people’s political role awareness, strengthen the community governance in a democratic consultation, strengthen community culture construction angle in detail.(4) in the community governance system, two aspects separately from the formal system and informal system, expounds the path to improve community governance system.