Gender Issues And Countermeasures Of The Social Studies Curriculum In Junior High Schools

Gender equality is an important part of human rights to human development which written in the Charter of the United Nations with the equality of race and religion. The Social Studies Curriculum as a platform for civic education, equality should be one of its core values to be pursuit and practiced. More over, textbook has huge impact on students as a major carrier of social culture. So, Social Studies textbooks in junior school-"History and Society" were chose as my research subject to study the gender inequalities.Firstly, through Statistics and text analysis, inspect the Status Quo of Gender Inequality in textbooks. The study result shows that gender inequalities exist in both the text and the pictures varying degrees in all three grades of PEP Social Studies Textbooks, especially on the eighth grade. The most serious problems are lack of female images and the gender stereotypes. Specifically, in the following three aspects:wide gap of the number and ratio between female and male images; the occupational distributions of female\male; number and ratio of negative images in female\male.Secondly, deconstructing the gender biases through the process of attribution. In the research, gender inequality mainly analyzed in historical perspective. After review and compare the gender culture in China and the West, a conclusion was found that gender inequality is a cross-cultural phenomenon and has strong inert. Gender culture affects the male-centered sexual orientation from both objective and subjective aspects in text-books. The objective cause is the materials of women in history are indeed few under the Patriarchal culture. Subjectively, the gender culture influences the presentation and interpretation of these materials from editors.Finally, Strategies aim to improve gender equality. Recommendations are given both from the theoretical and operational level. Theoretical appeal to transcend the discourse structure on gender dualism, Revisited "self and "others" relation; value feminism on Citizen Education, especially the care theory. Practice strategies around the aim of civic education:fully tap the females in the history and social role; adding gender equality education; add the topic "ladies in PR.C".