Study On Characters Of The University Corporation

Corporation, the term which originally belonged to the concept in the field of private law has been gradually entering within the field of public law, in the context of administrative decentralization brought about due to the rise of the civil rights movement, the crisis of the welfare state and the rapid development of the modern administrative functions. Corporation point to the community’s independent personality, it enters the system of administrative law means that the executive powers which originally united in administrative system begin to differentiate, and that a change in the way of executive which originally under the bureaucratic management system.Some administrative agencies which had been undertaking some special administrative functions began to emerge from the subsidiary status of national administrative agencies and to achieve the characters of independence and efficiency in management style, reflect the character of the corporation. University, which had been existed since the medieval era has much longer history than any modern country was a private community which has independent privilege to act autonomously according to its own chapter. With the rise of the modern nation-state, the higher education gradually has been included in the scope of national public affairs, so most of the modern University established by the state in order to conduct public functions of higher education consist of the exsiting universiy system along with private university.While public university corporation is a phenomenon of the modern field of higher education, the corporational nature of the public university can not be simply perceived as the quality of the modern university. In fact, modern university which originated from its primary prototype of medieval universities of Europe inherited the nature of corporation, and these properties are fully inhertied by now. Therefore, we believe that even though the National University Corporation Reform in Japan is a phenomenon of the modern field of higher education,but the analysis of the nature of national universities in Japan can not be limited within the framework of the modern. It should be dated back to the formation of the higher education system of the Meiji period in Japan,then explore the corporational nature of the reform of national universities in Japan according to this historical context.