Sociological Analysis Of The "Four Haves, One Build"Community Management Policy In Chengde City

Being initially applied in the study of sociology by Germany sociologist Ferdinand Toennies,"community" is a correlate social collective based on emotion and volition. Nowadays, with condition of the aggravation of social mobility, deepening of enterprises reform and transformation of government functions, more and more social and service functions have to be undertaken not just by intermediary organizations but also by a new carrier. For today’s China with rapid development of socialist market economy, the most suitable carrier is community management. However, most of cities in China cannot perform well in management and service so that people’s demand cannot be fulfilled. Community is a fundamental mechanism closely related to public relationship. Under the condition of government functions transformation and social mobility aggravation, community shows its great advantage in management and service of urban resident. However, the development of community under the planned economic system has great disadvantages. Thus, the reform and creativity of community construction seem necessary. Community development cannot be separated from the guidance and protection of government policy. As an institutional facility to improve people’s living quality through social actions, an institutional facility to solve social problems, to satisfy social demand and to improve people’s benefit level, social policy solves social relationships, remises social conflict, promotes social mobility and the achievement of socialism, enlarges social equity, increases human capital and social capital by the way of offering social welfare and related social service, and then promotes the The sustainable development of society.During the process of social policy operation, the government, social organizations and citizens become the core factors. Social policy turns in a dynamical process based on the interaction effect of these factors. Thus, this thesis analyzed the functions of government, social organizations and citizens in the implementation process of "Four haves, one build" policy conveying the meaning of" having people to do practical work, having fund to handle affairs, having places for discussion and building civilized and harmonious community" on community management by using structural functionalism. Moreover, bases on the sociological research method of unstructured interviews and observation in community, the thesis concentrates on the impact of social policy to residents’behaviors, attitude and cognition. Through analyzing of this, people can understand better of the origin, developing process and impact to the society of "Four haves, one build" policy on community management, which not only increases people’s knowledge of social policy but also improves their senses of identity and social subject consciousness. What’s more important, social integration is promoted a lot.This thesis discusses the topic from five chapters:Chapter1expounded the researching background of community developing patterns in China, summarized domestic and overseas researching condition and introduces its developing situation. Form this, the writer got the researching significance of community management policy, which provided theory and practice background for following research.Chapter2defined and elaborated the concept of community, community management and social policy. It also gave a detailed explanation of structural functionalism which is a theory emphasizing the correlative dependence and management of pattern and theory. The interaction of pattern and theory has significant meaning of maintaining the integrality of culture and society. This is theoretical foundation of what follows in the passage.Chapter3introduced three main community developing patterns in foreign countries, for instance, the American community autonomy managing pattern, government-oriented pattern of Singapore and Japanese mixed type of community management. After analyzing the functions of government, social organizations and community residents in these different patterns, the writer grew a conclusion for the community development of China, which is the development calls for clear government duty and authority, thorough laws and regulations and developed social network.Chapter4functionally analyzed the community management policy of "Four haves, one build" in Chengde city, Hebei province of China. Initially put forward by Chengde government, this policy has the meaning of" having people to do practical work, having fund to handle affairs, having places for discussion and building civilized and harmonious community." This policy created a new way of community development of less developed areas in China. Under the guidance of it, the government provides institutional assurance for community management. Social organization is at the same time the participant, executor, consultant, partner of new policies and provider of social services. Community residents are the beneficiaries. The implement of this new policy successfully promote and enlightened community construction in China.Chapter5evaluated this new policy based on AGIL system model. It also analyzed the role of government, social organizations and community residents in formulating and implementing process as well as the function of them in community construction by using Talcott Parsons’functionalism. In addition, this policy was perfected in aspects of strengthening Resource absorbing ability, improving sustainable development capacity of organizations, formulating specific organization goal, accelerating the process of coordinating the whole system, establishing perfect organization and management system, improving the integration effect within the system, strengthening the construction of organizational culture and enhancing the ability of maintaining system model. Beyond that, this chapter analyzed the manifest and latent functions of this policy.As the conclusion and outlook of the whole thesis, chapter6summarized people’s change of behaviors, attitude and cognition to the new management policy in the interview. The public is the beneficiaries of the whole process. Under the protection of government’s system and guarantee of social organizations’taking part in, consulting, cooperating during the process, community residents have a new cognition of the new management policy. Moreover, being satisfied with profit and promotion of personal capital, the residents internalized the policy and began to take part in group activities positively. All of this is conducive to the inner integration of social organizations and smooth operation of community system. Social system is changing all the time, thus the policy of community development should be updated at any moment, adapting to social development. Government-leading is the current situation for community development in China, however, with the constantly improvement and development, community-leading will become the primary trend.