Study On Chinese Rural Crisis 1950's And 1960's

In twentieth Century fifty or sixty, Chinese rural once was in crisis. The rural crisisappeared in the process of Chinese rapid social modernization. It was mainly marked by asfollows: the population of non normal death, agriculture developed slowly, farmers’ poverty,financial exhaustion, rural "anti" etc.The rural crisis is the result of many factors. There are objective reasons and moresubjective reasons. First of all, rural crisis occurred in this period has a direct relationshipwith the policy which the Communist Party implemented in the exploration of socialistconstruction. On one hand, the Communist Party lack of theoretical preparation on how toconstruct the socialist. They didn’t have a clear understanding of what is socialism and how tobuild socialism. The exploration of socialist development road was effected by Marx andEngels related discussion, but they had some misunderstanding. On the other hand, ourcountry is directly affected by the traditional socialist mode of the Soviet Union to select thepriority or even one-sided development of heavy industry strategy in practice. In order to copewith this industrialization strategy, the state implemented the relevant security system, such asthe state monopoly for purchase and marketing, the household registration system,"pricescissors" system and so on. This system strengthened the rural vulnerable position and leadedto the two poles of the urban and rural economic structure. Secondly, the highly centralizedpolitical system ensured that all non rational behavior to be implemented. Finally, theobjective, the occurrence of natural disasters in this period also can not be ignored.The Rural Crisis was quite similar with the history of the Soviet Union rural crisis, butwas different with Chinese Rural Crisis in twentieth Century twenty or thirty and eighty orninety’s “Three rural problems”. It has its own unique features. Specific including: the causeof crisis was subjectivity, institutional and difficult to avoid; It had relatively closedenvironment; people’s response to the crisis can be controlled.The influence of the crisis is very big. First of all, the rural crisis blocked the wholenational economy, such as the insufficient domestic demand constraints, the effective supplyof agricultural products shortage constraints. It also hindered China’s urbanization andmodernization. Secondly, to a certain extent, it also damaged the image of the CommunistParty and destroyed the relationship between cadres and the masses. Finally, the rural crisis made national leaders to focus on rural areas, but also leaded to the differences on theexploration of the socialist construction laws between Mao Zedong and Liu Shaoqi. Thedifferences were regarded to class struggle under the centralized political system. It damagedthe democratic construction of the party and leaded to ten years of the Cultural Revolution.Chinese Rural Crisis in twentieth Century fifty or sixty has the important enlightenmentto us on how to advance the sinicization of Marxism successfully. The traditionaldevelopment mode of socialism left a profound lesson to the people. The traditional socialistmodernization development path was worthy of our reflection. Historical practice has provedthat only adhere to the Scientific Outlook on Development to guide the relationship betweenurban and rural, or workers and peasants in the Modernization development path can werealize the sustainable development.