Analysis Of Senior Middle School Chemistry Textbooks And Teaching Design On History Of Science

This thesis based on the background of high school chemistry curriculum reformation.Inview of the current problems in the high school chemistry textbooks:①The rich resources ofhistory of chemtry need to be exploited in the textbooks;②In the perspective of development,the contents to be exploited in the textbooks still need to be improved based on the analysis oftextbook s and teaching design.This thesis do the research in the two aspects, namely gettingin the textbook and the reflection of classroom teaching, from the chemical into the chemistryhistory education content, under the condition that the history of chemical has the knowledgeof chemical history education function, and quality education to provide material for chemicaldisciplines, chemistry history education still need further improvement.(1) systematicunderstand the new curriculum textbook, pressed by Shandong Science and TechnologyPress(SSTP), analysis from the perspective of the presentation, organization, position, studymethods and teaching function of the content,(2) based on the defects that scientificdevelopment too much emphasis on individual scientists described in textbooks, and teachingmaterials in the present is rare in real scientific development process, combined with neweducation psychology theory to design and develop classroom teaching cases named thematerial nature research methods and procedures (first class).Firstly, this thesis reference Laurinda Leite analysis meter, and combined with thespecific situation of the high school chemistry textbooks (compulsory course l,2and sixelective courses) pressed by SSTP, analysis the textbook from the perspective of thepresentation, organization,position and the study methods of the content. It is concluded thatthis version textbook have advantages such as (1) illustrated,(2) emphasis on modern,(3)emphasis on basic research and method,(4) the foundational historical data increased,(5)advocated the study method of finding out information by student themselves, but also foundthat some disadvantages like (1) chemists rarely involve China nationality, ignore women,(2)the real scientific development process description is less, and prefer to emphasize theimportance of individual scientists,(3) the scientist’s life less to introduct and lack offirst-hand material,(4) avoid describing chemical history limitations,(5) the statement briefly and lack of the plot, etc. To solve above problems, this paper puts forward educational reformsuggestions such as (1) pay attention to reflect the chemical scientists make greatcontributions to chemisty development in China nationality,(2) from the perspective of thedevelopment to present knowledge,(3) emphasis on the importance of the role of the teamand the research community,(4) improve the culture education characteristics of chemicalhistory content,(5) increase the proportion of first-hand data,(6) objective to present thenecessary link between disciplines.Secondly, in the teching design of chapter, named research methods and ideas of materialproperties, in the version of SSTP, based on the defects in analysis of the third part of theteaching material in the textbook that describing scientific development scientists too muchemphasis on the role of the individual, ignoring the team cooperation, and rarely present realscientific development process in the textbooks and usually linear flat describing, and underthe guidance of the constructivism theory, scientific epistemology and humanistic learningtheory, combined with "historical inquiry" teaching mode of the chemistry history, tocomplete the teaching design in order to learn the nature of the material research methods, forthe carrier of learning for the properties of the metallic sodium, including two parts ofcontents," observation and thinking" demonstration experiment by the instructor "activitiesand explore" through the experience by the students. Chemistry history as the main line toauxiliary the case teaching of the content of the basic method to research the materialproperties, in the study of activity, not only let students learn the knowledge conclusion as aresult of intellectual activity, but also learned the research methods of activities reflected inthe understanding, and promote the use of knowledge and developing the ability ofknowledge. Finally, put forward the strategy of chemistry history into chemistry teachingstrategy and explore experimental implement strategy.The innovation of this study:1, For the first time，the thesis did research on analysis of senior middle school chemistrytextbooks on history of chemitry pressed by Shandong Science and Technology Press,andprovided cognition base on the history of science integrated in class.2, In the teaching modules of chemistry "methods" contents in senior school, teaching case on the background of history of chemistry and as the main line of teaching has been designed.3,Through the design of specific teaching cases, the thesis compensated the lack of suchcontents on the textbooks and improved the teaching function on history of chemistry.4, By the inquiry of the sodium metal,the thesis implemented the basic ways of learning andmake the specific contents of the course linked with general methods (such as observation,experiment, classification, comparison, etc.).