| BACKGROUNDWith the constant development of economic, the medical and health institutions surge in demand for nursing staff, led to the configuration of the nursing shortage has become a global problem. Especially the developed countries such as Europe and the United States need to recruit a large number of nurses from developing countries every year. According to the world health organization, the global was in extreme shortage of nursing staff, The UN needs200000nurses, Australia needs50000nurses; The United States also needs100000nurse positions. According to these countries will lack of millions of nursing staff in2020. With the development of China’s reform, the number of foreigners have worked in China is increasing, also as the sino-foreign joint venture institutions in development, the demand of high quality nursing staff is also growing. The international nursing service market has become increasingly rich, and the increasingly strengthen internationalization of the nursing education; it will impact the existing educational system and education pattern of the nursing education in our country. Cultivating the international, practical, innovative and humanistic nurses is the actual needs of today’s nursing service internationalization. The new requirements of the nurse’s ability to put forward the challenge intensified the shortage of international competent nurses. There is a big gap with the international standard of the higher nursing professional development in our country, despite a certain amount of absorption of improvement, but still stay on the shallow level. Therefore it has very important significance to build the international competent nursing talents cultivation objectives and the international curriculum to cultivate international competent nursing talents; expanding the nursing personnel employment market.OBJECTIVETo explore the new mode, and build the international talents training objectives and curriculum plan, in order to the implementation course docking with the international education, to provide the reference for the improvement of the quality of nursing undergraduate training, promote the development of nursing education internationalization in our country.OBJECTS AND METHODS1. The investigate of the Nursing undergraduate education situation in our countryThe main purpose of this study was to discuss the current situation of our nursing education. From the perspective of educate insight into current situation of the development of nursing education, to provide enlightenment for the higher nursing education reform.This study used the questionnaire, which was on the basis of the literature review and expert consultation. This study used the questionnaire, which was on the basis of the literature review and expert consultation. With convenience sampling method to select60graduates come from40colleges from across the country who were reading nursing graduate students and80nursing undergraduates who come from a medical university in Guangzhou. The questionnaire mainly includes three parts:the first part is the investigators basic situation, total of4questions; The second part is the colleges and universities personnel training, including nursing personnel training goal and the education idea, total of6questions; The third part is the teaching mode, including the curriculum, the practice and theory of arrangement and way of teaching quality evaluation, total of11questions, each topic using Likert5grade evaluation method, the higher scores that were the better.2. The primary construction of the international competent nursing undergraduate training standardsThe advanced work included exploring to build the basic principles, the theoretical and practical basis of the index system for the training standards by literature review, theoretical analysis, and expert interviews. We applied the Delphi method for two screening of the indicators. In this study, we selected23experts from Guangdong, Liaoning, Jilin, Shandong, Hunan, Fujian and Shanxi Provinces. They come from7first-class hospitals and11nursing schools and colleges. The specialist areas involved in nursing education, nursing management and clinical nursing. Experts in the inclusion criteria:①first-class hospital, the intermediate technical titles or above, the bachelor degree or above, more than5years work in the nursing management.②Nursing education experts, the inclusion criteria for work in the nursing education and nursing scientific research more than five years, with bachelor degree or above, associate professor of above title. The survey data using SPSS13.0statistical software for data processing.3. The research of course-setting Based on the training goal of the international competent nursing undergraduateThrough the early investigation of the nursing education present situation and the preliminary construction of the international competent nursing undergraduate training target for reference. This part has chosen11representative nursing schools and colleges in United States, Canada, Britain, Taiwan and Hong Kong. Through the network to obtain the first-hand information of nursing undergraduate education, to draw lessons from the advanced teaching idea and the curriculum plan through analyzing the curriculum, teaching outline, theory of practice, etc. Compared to foreign nursing undergraduate education, to integration the similar courses,and the different courses in accordance with the requirements of higher medical education in China on the basis of the supplement, to build a set of both conform to the requirements of the education in our country, and meet the international standards of nursing education curriculum.RESULTS1. A different perspective of students about the nursing education present situationSociological data involved the Participants of age, gender, grade, research direction, schools and other general information.60graduate students came from40colleges and universities from all over the country, the research direction were mostly concentrated in8fields. There were22boys and114girls, The ages of the Participants were mostly18to27years old, the average age was (24.1±0.3) Nursing education in our country is faced with the imperfection of the education philosophy, lack of humanistic curriculum, the practice of class scale was not enough, the practice and theory of single disconnect, teaching evaluation means were in a single form.2. The primary construction of the international competent nursing undergraduate training standardsIn this study,18selected experts from Guangdong, Liaoning, Jilin, Shandong, Hunan, Fujian and Shanxi Provinces. They come from7first-class hospitals and11nursing schools and colleges. The specialist areas involved in nursing education, nursing management and clinical nursing. The specialist areas involved in nursing education, nursing management and clinical nursing. Experts age from41to54(46.4+0.62) years; the work experience from10～34(24.4+0.24) years;4(22.2%) bachelor degree,9(50%) master’s degree,5(27.8%) Dr.degree; including10tutors.The two questionnaires were issued for23,18; recycled20,18respectively,18,17valid questionnaires respectively, the effective recovery was90%and94.4%. Two rounds of the experts average authority coefficient were0.891and0.893. Two rounds of consultation, the first-class indexes of harmony coefficient were between0.203-0.221, the second-class indexes of harmony coefficient were between0.295to0.302, the third-class indexes of harmony coefficient were between0.261to0.275.In the second round, the coefficients of concordance of all levels of indexes have increased than that in the first round(p<0.05),indicating that experts’advices on the coordination.Filtered according to the boundary value method of index entries, combined with the expert opinion and group discussion, the final formation of talents training target system including three first-class indexes (professional values and attitudes, the basic professional ability, professional core ability),13second-class indicators,73third-class indicators.3. The research of course-setting Based on the training goal of the international competent nursing undergraduateThe humanities courses accounted for about20%of all kinds course, but the political theory accounts for about80%of the humanities courses, other aspects of content accounts for only about20%. However and nursing undergraduate humanities social science class about a third of the curriculum and a wide range of disciplines of undergraduate colleges in American and UK. Through this study, we increased global culture and social behavior as well as career development and planning of the humanities courses, expand the scope of the subject, the appropriate compression of the traditional political theory courses.In China, the practice is less than the theory, the average for the1:0.48, this study for1:0.37, and all colleges and universities take the practice in the last year for centralized. However, the theory course and practice course for1:0.8take more intersection practice mode, practice throughout the nursing professional learning in American, UK and Canada. This study suggests that appropriate compression the internship class of the final year, to allocate during the theory study, keep the theory and practice on.Chinese course-setting adopts medical curriculum model, the "three-step", respectively is the common base (1year), nursing professional foundation (1-1.5year) and nursing professional class (1-2year), the last year is to conduct centralized clinical practice (42-52weeks). In the United States, Canada, including the UK, Taiwan, the curriculum broke the strict boundaries between disciplines, use discipline centered more progressive curriculum model. This study appropriate compression basic medical courses and clinical medicine courses (otolaryngology, microbiology, etc.), integrate nursing courses, to break the boundaries between disciplines. And raised some bilingual teaching courses,such as the basic nursing and nursing technology and pharmacology, etc.CONCLUSION1. The nursing undergraduate education pattern needs to improve in China It found that many problems existing in nursing education in our country through the survey, earlier. The imperfection of the education concept, lack of humanistic curriculum, the practice class was less than the theories’, the practice and theory of single disconnect, Single teaching evaluation ways, etc. It needs to strengthen the nursing undergraduate education reform in our country, absorbing foreign advanced teaching experience and teaching mode, shorten the gap between international, fosters the talent internationalization, gradually.2. The primary construction of the international competent nursing undergraduate training standardsBased on the standard of the nursing undergraduate education in China, comparison with the United States, Canada, and the standard of international and domestic registered nurse, and draw lessons from them. Determined the international competent nursing personnel training goal by expert consulting. The goals system includes3first-class indicators (professional value and the basic ability, professional attitude, professional core ability),13second-class indicators, and73third-class indicators of goals.3. Completed preliminary international competent nursing personnel training curriculumCombining the literature research, by comparing with the curriculum of nursing undergraduate education of six universities of United States and Canada. To integrate the similar courses, and the different courses in accordance with the requirements of higher medical education in China. It increased that the cultural quality courses, compression of clinical medicine courses, increasing practice class, using cross pattern of the theory and practice, on the basis of the domestic original curriculum,to highlights the nursing characteristics. |
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