Statistical Measurement Of Compact City And The Analysis Of Its Effect On Income

Many people and little land is China’s basic national conditions, rational utilization of land resources is related to urban sustainable development of society and economy. With the accelerating pace of urbanization, the urban size enlarged, the spread of city space disordered, the cultivated land is decreasing day by day and energy, resources and environment are all under great pressure. Compact city is a kind of development patterns with its main character of relatively high urban spatial density and function diversity.It can save land and resources, advocate urban natural and proctect ecological environment,and finally realizes the the coordination and sustainable development of social, economic and so on. The development of compact city is not only beneficial to enhance interactions and connection between community reduce social barriers; but also promote the sharing of energy, resources and infrastructure, which makes people acquire social resources and services more equally and improve the degree of social justice.So the development of the compact city is likely to be one of the important factors that affected the income gap between the residents.City compactness is is a major index,which is used to measure the compact degree of urban land using, reflect the layout of city spatial form and function, and city efficiency of various aspects. Firstly,this paper based on the theory of "compact city" to measure the degree of compact city comprehensively. On the basis of the connotation of the city compactness, which is high density, high efficiency and high degree of mixed land uses, this paper selected six first-class indicators from urban form compactness and the degree of urban function mixed as followed:population compactness, economic compactness, building compactness, traffic compactness and diversity of land using, diversity of industry.Then based on these first-class indicators, selected16second-class indicators to establish comprehensive index system of urban compactness. Using the method of principal component analysis, entropy value method and the principal component analysis combines entropy value method to have a comprehensive evaluation to index system of compactness, and the evaluation results were compared to clustering analysis, and finally select principal component analysis combines entropy value method gets the subentry index ranking and comprehensive ranking of all cities.Secondly, take empirical analysis on the influence effect of city compactness on the income gap. On the basis of income gap mechanisms of compactness on the income gap of urban and rural residents,this paper analysis the panel data of national capital city and prefectural-level cities with the econometric method, it is concluded that with the city’s comprehensive compactness increased, the income gap between urban residents will gradually decreased; Population, economy, construction, transportation compactness and functional diversity negative effect on urban residents’ income gap, especially with the increasing of city’s economic compactness and the diversification of urban function, the income gap between urban residents can lessen significantly.The increase of the city compactness is also conducive to the narrowing of the gap between the urban and rural areas, but along with the increase of the level of economic development, urban diffusion effect is gradually obvious, it can weaken the negative effect of compactness on urban and rural income gap to a certain extentFinally, this paper summarize the whole research contents, in view of the comprehensive evaluation of city compactness, some shortage and the future direction of research is put forward, and based on empirical analysis,some suggestions on city development are proposed.