Empirical Study Of Farmers’Behavior Of Land Use And Food Production On Farmers’ Vocational Differentiation Of Major Grain-producing Areas Of Central China

After the reform and opening-up policy, China has entered an unprecedented transition, it is remarkable in the farmers’occupational structure of China. The change of farmers’ occupational structure is from the single agricultural vocational converted to non-agricultural occupations, the Farmer’s Professional Differentiation have also appeared. The Farmer’s Professional Differentiation have a marked effect on relieving the current employment pressure, increasing peasant’s income and raising China’s economic development.This article uses the related data of grain production in Jianghan Plain from1980-2011as the basis. We use means of peasant household survey, statistical analysis and GIS analysis. Combining with quantitative analysis and qualitative description, taking the latest social and economical situation into consideration, nearly thirty years in jianghan plain are analyzed in detail the change of farmers’ vocational differentiation and driving factors, and impact on food production. The main research results are as follows:1. Economic factors are the main factors affecting farmers’ vocational differentiation of jianghan plain regionJianghan plain farmers’ vocational differentiation under the influence of various factors and the economic factors are the main driving factors to affect farmers’ vocational differentiation. Farmers self-factors is the key to this change. And the pursuit of higher economic interests is the direct cause of farmers to participate in professional differentiation. Looking on farmers self-factors, age, level of education and gender factors affecting farmers’ vocational differentiation are the important factors. The age factor is one of the main influence factors in the many factors. In addition, policy factors, sown area has a certain influence on farmers’ vocational differentiation.2. The change of farmland area sown affected on farming system and farmers’ behavior of land useBetween80and85, vocational differentiation level of jianghan plain region is not high because of the farmers’ vocational differentiation just started., and need more labor force in agriculture production. So in this period, the rice planting is generally for three seasons. Farmers’ vocational differentiation became further after90s, a large number of labor transfer to non-agricultural industries. Rice planting is the labor intensive agricultural, and it affected by labor reduced. Many farmers began to change their farming system. In this period of early rice and late season rice planting area is greatly reduced, rice planting area increased. After2000, the early rice planting area is greatly reduced; rice planting area continues to increase.Jianghan plain paddy planting area of3800.6mu in80-85years. In90-95years, the planting area increased to4029mu. Compared with90-95, paddy planting area in00-05years decreased of3865.8mu. And paddy planting area further reduce3811.5mu in10-11years.3. The farmers’ vocational differentiation affect on food production changeThe decrease of the area sown and multiple crop index reduction affects the change of total food production. The change of area sown and grain yield level is the most direct factors affect food production. Production intensive degree of the increase of input, increase the yield level of grain crops, so under the condition of the planting area is reduced, due to the increase in yield level of grain crops, so the change of total grain output is not obvious. Rice planting area reduce constantly affect the potential grain production of the case area increased, the wheat potential grain production increased after05years due to the wheat planting area, so the potential loss of wheat production is not obvious.