Establish R & D Project Evaluation System And In The Tobacco Monopoly System Applied Research Projects In Joint Research And Development

R&D is an inheritance, exploratory and creative work, and very important for enterprises; Most enterprises produce new products, new technologies, new processes, new materials from R&D projects. R&D project has many characteristics, such as uncertainty, risky, recessive factors widely exist, and etc. R&D subject usually can endure higher cost because R&D project is urgently need by enterprises, and relates to long-term development. So that, R&D project evaluation methods are very different compared to general project, they focus on technical risk, technical feasibility, long-term economic value and etc., more than projects cost and non-technical risk and so on which general project do.Although R&D project evaluation is very important for ensuring project implementation, some evaluation methods of R&D project are not actual applied widely, due to some enterprises do not pay attention to project evaluation, or some operation is so complex. What more, enterprises can not use project evaluation system to evaluate the project or some object during the whole project life cycle. At the same time, as present R&D project evaluation system’s practicability restricts, the R&D project subject often use evaluation method evaluate the evaluation objects or evaluation factors, when some problems have appeared already; the evaluation result was strongly lagged and passivitied. At present, we do not have a complete, universal R&D project evaluation system. This article exploratory establish a R&D project evaluation system, which based on theories inheritance and innovation, focus on improving operability, deepen the project evaluation process guidance on the project, and fundamentally promote application of R&D project evaluation system.In this article, R&D project evaluation system is based on project life cycle, according to project cycle characteristics, job content, extract seven project evaluation objects, and determine the evaluation contents, evaluation methods and evaluation emphasis of seven evaluation objects of project before, during and after three life cycle phases. The system focuses on plan, estimates, pre-arranged planning before project; control, analysis, responses during project; summary after project. The project evaluation system shows how the project evaluation process and results guide project implementation; applies, implement, and deepen the project evaluation work.The evaluate thinking in this article follows project characters which project activities occur continuously, dynamically, and circularly. Combine single factor analysis with overall analysis, pay attention to the project of the activities and effects between the factors; Combine qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, reduce the scoring method greatly influenced by human factors and directly used in decision-making; more focus on the analysis process, as well as solving, propose, correct and remedy the problems.This article made some innovation on evaluation methods. Use "financial evaluation" instead of "cost control", including cost control, cash flow control, and project value three evaluations (assessments). Evaluation of financial factors covers the whole project life cycle; even extend to follow-up projects, development prospects assessment. In project value evaluation (assessment), the real option model is used, to predict the future and implicit benefits, correctly assess current value. Cash flow evaluation methods, applying MRP thought to project management, evaluate rationality of cash flow events, in order to reduce the cost and funds footprint. For the evaluation of uncertainty, semi-certainty factors, widely using the fuzzy evaluation method, comprehensive evaluation method, mainly show the influence of uncertainty factors on the certainty factors, increase the maneuverability of the R&D project evaluation methods, and objectivity of evaluation results.Industry background and the cooperation way have enormous implications for R&D project evaluation methods, this article takes A project as an example, verify the applicability of an R&D project evaluation system. More importantly, combine the background of A project, use project evaluation to guide and promote project implementation, solve some problems in the project, and expand R&D project evaluation system in the application of special industries such as monopoly:when a joint R&D activity happens between monopoly and non-monopoly enterprises, the monopoly enterprise can easily mix technology and other resources together and get comparative advantage, meantime, the non-monopoly enterprise has a comparatively weak. Joint R&D project in such a background should evaluate project focus on long-term, evaluation contents should be more extensive and in-depth, evaluation method should be more complete and objective, so that to achieve long-term, stability, equality and mutual benefit relations of cooperation.