An Empirical Research On Operating Conditions Of Rural Household Biogas Bond Projects In Shandong Province

As the improvement of agricultural production, rural enterprises, rural transportation,material supply and farmers，life all need energy, the energy supply has become increasinglyprominent in rural areas. With the acceleration of the process of long-term urbanization andindustrialization, the way of life between farmers and citizens are increasingly consolidated.Traditional straw and firewood energy can not meet the need of the rural energy. At present,China is in the process of new rural construction. Both governments and farmers regard thedevelopment of biogas as an important means to solve the rural energy shortage andenvironment issues. In2003, China launched a rural biogas construction bond project. Alsofacing severe rural energy issues and environmental situation, Shandong Province began toundertake the construction of biogas bond projects, and rural biogas bond-financed projectsachieved significant results. The number of rural household biogas bond projects and the scaleof investment increased significantly, also increasingly diverse type of investment project.However, due to the so-called “spillover effect”, rural household biogas constructionefficiency is not very high in Shandong Province, in spite of large-scale funds to investconstruction of rural household biogas. There exist many problems. After reading a lot ofreferences and relevant theory, the author tries to build a binary regression model to researchon which factors are affecting the willingness of farmers to continue to use biogas at theperspective of farmers. According to the results, we can measure the effect of theimplementation of the policy of rural biogas. At last, this paper offers related policies andrecommendations based on the results of the model.This paper is divided into seven sections.The first part is the introduction to gives the research status at home and abroad onbiogas, the purpose and significance of research ideas and research methods.The second part is the theoretical basis. Including circular economy theory, the theory ofsustainable development of agriculture, ecological economics theory, agricultural ecologytheory, the theory of resource economics, cleaner production theory, system theory and threerural theories. The introductions of these above theories provide a theoretical basis for thisstudy.The third part analyzes the necessity and feasibility of development of biogas in Chinaand Shandong Province, and the advantages and disadvantages to develop biogas bondprojects in Shandong Province. Including advantages (basic strengths,, resources, technology, financial advantage), disadvantages(uneven development, serious garbage pollution in ruralareas), opportunities (government attaches importance to the biogas development, theprovincial economic rise, the obvious contradiction between energy supply and demand, thereis an urgent seek new energy) and threats(traditional habits and ideas, new rural constructionof multi-factor limit).The forth part analyzes the status of the development of Shandong Province householdbiogas bond-financial projects. According to the data obtained from the government relevantsection, the author summed up five characteristics of Shandong Province to develop thehousehold biogas bond projects:(1) the number of construction is increasing, but theconstruction order of ranking can not meet Shandong agricultural status on a nation widescale;(2) although funds that our government invested are increasing, the farmers’self-financing increase in the proportion;(3) the characteristic of project coverage is fromnarrow to wide, from point to surface, but uneven development, large differences betweendifferent counties in management;(4) models of biogas construction present diverse, but havesomething in common;(5) projects have significant influence on rural economic and sociallife.The fifth part gives the rural household biogas bond project performance of ShandongProvince. Based on the farmers’ point of view, the use questionnaire farmers cognition of therelevant policies of the biogas bond projects before the biogas bond-financed projects, theproject construction funds, after the completion of the material supporting the implementationof biogas, the descriptive analysis and the pool farmers continue to use the biogas factorsimpact has been built using logit model regression. The results showed that farmers age, thenumber of migrant workers, farmers to the understanding of the biogas bond projects, the costof construction of biogas, biogas sector services and whether biogas problem solving easilysignificantly affect the willingness of farmers continue to use the pool which has been built.The sixth part is that the author tried to find the reasons that lead to the dilemma of thebonds of methane projects in Shandong Province. This part is divided into five main areas.First is the government level.(1) The different project counties give different emphasis,leading to large differences development;(2) Part of the project county can not afford enoughfinancial support that exacerbated the imbalance;(3) Biogas bond project constructionsupervision system is not perfect. Second, the biogas service, follow-up services managementcan not keep up. Third, the household level,(1)Farmers’ education level is not high, lack ofability to accept new things;(2) The cost that farmers bear is too high, there are manydifficulties in self-financing;(3) Labor shortage. Fourth is the industrial constraints. Finally, there is fermentation of raw materials, energy use diversification and farmers livingenvironment changes and other factorsThe seventh part, based on the results of empirical analysis, to build the long-termmechanism of rural household biogas bond projects in Shandong Province. Firstly, it isnecessary to improve the mechanism of government guidance and organizational management.Secondly, it is good to establish the multi-channel financing and incentive mechanisms.Thirdly, it is important to strengthen the supervision and management mechanism. Fourthly, itis also good to strengthen and improve the service mechanism. At last, the relevant sectionsshould to improve the industrial organization mechanism.