Research On Eco-Urbanization Appraisal And Countermeasures In Dongting Lake Area

Sustainable Urbanization development is a global issue of common concern. As the place where people live, the city is not only the product of social development, but also an artificial eco-system created by human to adapt to the natural environment. It can fully reflect the profound relationship between human development and the natural environment. Over the past five decades, cities around the world have developed with such a high-speed trend. By providing welfare to human, the world is facing serious conflict between environment protecting and development. In the mid-1980s, China entered the middle stage of accelerated development of urbanization, and the continuing to promote urbanization process has become an essential power for China’s economic development, but the characteristics of stress between urbanization and environment also emerged. The traditional developing plan of chasing urbanization rate has been questioned. People have emphasized more and more on the coordination between environment and economy and concerned further with synchronization between the level of development and urban environment.As an important economic region, in the meanwhile a Chinese significant biodiversity areas (freshwater and wetlands biodiversity areas), Dongting Lake area in Hunan Province under the background of rapid development of urbanization, not only faced common problems caused by industry and city transformation, but also face unreasonable exploitation and utilization which has led to more eco-stress, such as the lake area is shrinking, the eco-service function of wetlands has declined and so on. Therefore there will be problem in the coordination between regional ecology and economy. The traditional way of the development of urbanization has exposed more and more drawbacks. But the way must be as eco-urbanization development goals, to explore the coordination between the Dongting Lake area’s natural resources and social economy. By the coordinated development between people and nature in process of urbanization, optimizing the relationship between ecosystems and socioeconomic systems will provide continuous power for the development of region’s urbanization. In this paper, Dongting Lake area is the research object. Based on the relevant theoretical basis for sustainable development theory, ecological theory and regional economics and economic, as well as relevant social policies concerning new urbanization selection, the author built an evaluation index system of the level of development of eco-urbanization from3aspects, Forexample. the economic growth capacity, the capacity utilization of resources, and the environmental development. The factor analysis was used to compare and analyze are the overall level of the2004-2012’s development of regional ecological urbanization. The results showed that the ecological capacity growth of urbanization and the resource utilization capacity has been steadily raised. The level of environment coordinating development and the comprehensive level of eco-urbanization development shows a trend of declining before rising, which presented the fact that the development of urbanization is still facing prominent environmental pressure. By adjusting the existing urbanization development path, it will coordinate ecology and economy better, providing intrinsic motivation for the sustainable development of cities and towns. The main problem currently facing is that, first, the ability of regional economic growth is still insufficient to drive the urban ecological construction and basic facilities; Second, in the urbanization process, the ecological transformation of economic restructuring has not yet fully in place, to a certain extent, the exchange between urbanization development and sacrifice of nature which has restricted the orderly and stable development of eco-urbanization still exist.On the basis of empirical analysis, this paper put forward a new ecological urbanization development mode, which is,"improve local governments’ administration functions, strengthen infrastructure construction and build center city (central towns with industrial characteristic and well-developed small town)", and put forward the following specific countermeasures.①The governments play an irreplaceable role in promoting ecological urbanization, however, the governments need to reform and transform function, for example, to implement green GDP assess and innovate the performance of appraisal system;②infrastructure is a perfect cornerstone to ecological construction of cities and towns, while an important reason of eco-city development lag of the infrastructure is not well developed, thus there is a need for increasing investment;③Three large cities, i.e. Yueyang, Changde and Yiyang play leading roles in eco-urbanization process around the lake area. The three big city linkage mechanism should be reasonably designed to work;④Most counties in Dongting Lake area has rich wetland resources and their compatitive industry advantage. The resources of towns and comparative advantage can be fully used to form County Center which has self-renewal ability and radiation ability, leading to connect with small and medium-sized towns;⑤Focus on coordinated development between towns and central city, to accelerate the process of the coordinated regional urbanization.