Dongting Lake Area Of Rice Cultivation Scale Farmers: Obstacles And Countermeasures

China is a densely populated country, to ensure that every person has a meal to eat, is always our top priority. Rice is the most important grain crops in China, Dongting Lake area is an important rice producing area in our country, to ensure food security especially in food safety special status. Farmers are the main body of rice cultivation. With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, the rice planting for local economic aggregate, the contribution of the financial income and household income decline, initiative getting government of main producing region catch grain enthusiasm, farmers growing grain is not obvious. Advance the scale of farmers planting rice, become the food security especially is the only way to ration security.This paper takes Nanxian farmer rice planting scale as the research sample, the basic features can represent the Dongting Lake area farmer rice planting scale. This paper will be the rice farmers are generally divided into two categories of farmers and scaled rice, and the rice planting situation analysis. One is to use the statistical data and survey data analysis department, rice cultivation status of Nanxian common household. The two is to select 81 households rice planting large, carry out special investigation, statistics, analysis, research on the status quo of Nanxian paddy rice planting large. Based on the study on the present situation of farmers planting rice, from the angle of theory and practice, studies the farmer rice planting the subject status and the internal requirement of scale.In this paper, the current situation of economic and social development situation of farmers, farmers planting rice rice planting and its subject status based on the inner requirement for the scale of the research, put forward the current peasant household in Dongting Lake area of rice planting scale of the realization of the path, is to proceed from reality, insist on. One is through the land circulation to achieve the scale, and adopts case analysis on Farmers’ planting rice, large-scale development conditions, realization mechanism, cultivation methods, supervision and management, risk problem, the cost-benefit problem carries out empirical study. The two is the realization of scale through service outsourcing, and from the view of integrating theory with practice, condition, implementation mechanism, characteristics of the role of the research on its development. These two ways, complement each other, according to the actual choice or combination to promote.This paper studies in these two implementation path, the realization of the obstacle on the road were studied. This study concluded that, the scale of the current obstacles to planting rice in Dongting Lake area farmers mainly has five aspects. One is the land circulation barrier, the protection of the law is not perfect, the market can not run smoothly, social security is not developed, is the core to realize the obstacle through the land circulation scale. Two is the social service obstacle, rice planting main service service capability needs to be improved, the service project of the operation of the market mechanism to be improved, the level of technology and equipment service means should be improved, is the main obstacles for the implementation of scale through service outsourcing, but also through the land circulation to achieve the scale of the important obstacles. Three is the infrastructure obstacles, ageing of water conservancy facilities, rural roads behind, paddy drying facilities and equipment storage shed the shortage of facilities, increase the scale of farmers planting rice natural risk, is the basic obstacle to large-scale farmers in rice. Four is the government incentive obstacles, to common household GSP grain policy relevance, practicality is not strong, there is no special subsidy policies to support large-scale rice farmers, the main producing areas of the government as to further strengthen the needs, promote large-scale farmers planting rice farmers a government initiative, enthusiasm is very limited. Five is the farmers themselves obstacles, farmers operating characteristics, land fragmentation, farmers’ labor and industry, household income and non agriculture, farmers’ knowledge experience characteristic, is the inherent reason farmers rice planting scale of slow progress.The planting scale accurately at farmer’s rice obstacles, study proposes countermeasures in six aspects. One is to improve the land transfer mechanism, to formulate and perfect the supporting policies and legal system, improve the land follow-up extends the package work, speed up the construction of the development mechanism of urban and rural integration, standardization and innovation of land circulation behavior and way, improve the market mechanism of land circulation, for the development of agricultural households in rice planting scale especially created conditions of land circulation scale. Two is the development of the society of professional services, vigorously develop the professional socialization service organization, to carry out the professional socialization service rice link circulation, promote the combination and cooperation between various service force, operation mechanism to establish socialized professional service standard, and vigorously promote the healthy development of service outsourcing scale. The three is the breakthrough of mechanized transplanting, vigorously carry out the transplanting of propaganda, research for Lake use rice transplanter, improving seedling raising technique, strengthen the training of machine hand, support cooperation between agricultural enterprises and cooperatives, scale as the farmer rice planting to provide more advanced and practical technology and equipment, saving farmers labor input and capital input. Four is to improve agricultural infrastructure, strengthen the protection of cultivated land and cultivated land quality construction, strengthen the farmland water conservancy construction, strengthen the rural road network grid, drying equipment and agricultural infrastructure construction, innovation of agricultural and rural infrastructure investment mechanism, scale as the farmer rice planting provides the conditions of land resources, traffic facilities, superior. The five is to cultivate new professional farmers, develop new professional farmers management measures for the determination and policy support, strengthening technical training to carry out the general farmers, large counterparts guidance rice, improve the overall operating capacity of rice farmers, to build a stable of a large-scale rice growing farmers team. Six is to strengthen government support, to increase rice planting large major grain producing areas, government support, and effectively improve the effectiveness of rice production support policies, to mobilize the government of main producing region to catch grain enthusiasm, improve the general farmers, rice rice planting large development scale of enthusiasm.