Comparative Study On Income Gap Expressway In Both Urban And Rural Residents Of Chengdu And Chongqing

Since the reform and opening up endeavor, our economy has witnessed30yearsof rapid development, both comprehensive national strength and economic aggregateentering a new stage. Meanwhile, the growing imbalance between the urban and ruraleconomic development, the gradual expansion of social gap between rich and poorand the consequent imbalance of regional development all have become the barrier ofhealthy development of our economy and the biggest constraint of social stability andharmony.Hence, National Development and Reform Commission approved Chengdu andChongqing to be “the comprehensive reform pilot area of overall urban and ruraldevelopment”on June7th,2007. It demanded that the two areas should implement theall-round reform in various fields, make breakthroughs in key areas first and makeinnovations according to the requirements of overall urban and rural comprehensivereform experiment, thus to form a mechanism of urban and rural development as awhole system as soon as possible, promote the coordinated economic developmentbetween urban and rural areas in these two cities, playing a leading role of deepeningreform and realizing the scientific and harmonious development. However, the basiccircumstances, the historical foundation, and the status of regional developmentstrategy of these two cities are different, so they have various focus and direction intheir reform.Based on the summary of the study of the income gap between urban and ruralresidents, this article regards urban and rural residents’ income gap problem in thesetwo areas as the research object, putting forward the corresponding politicalrecommendations of urban and rural reform in Chengdu and Chongqing, through theanalysis of the status of urban and rural residents’ income gap, the trend ofdevelopment, the influence factors and their reforming focus. This article is dividedinto five parts.Chapter1: Relevant theories and research summary. It analyzes the dualeconomic structure, the inverted U theory and related theoretical basis of the difference of human capital, sums up the research foundation of the gap betweenurban and rural areas and introduces the measure method of the income gap betweenurban and rural areas.Chapter2: The comparison of the income gap of urban and rural residents inChengdu and Chongqing. It describes the status of urban and rural residents’incomegap, analyzes the changing process periodically, forecasts the change trend bymeasurement method, and compares the similarities and differences of income gapchanges between urban and rural residents in these two cities.Chapter3: The influence factors on the changes of urban and rural residents’income gap in Chengdu and Chongqing. uIt provides the descriptive analysis of thegeneral and particular factors which affect urbanand rural residents’ income gap. Thegeneral factors include the dual economic structure, urbanization process and thedifferences of human capital. The special one is mainly the systematic reform of“balancing the urbanand rural development”.Chapter4: The empirical analysis of the influencing factors in Chengdu andChongqing. It analyzes the influencing factors of the income gap between urban andrural residents in these two areas by Principal Component Analysis and linearregression calibration method, according to the influence degree. The research resultshows that in the process of reform in urban and rural areas, the focus of the reform inChengdu is to improve the social security system, and that in Chongqing is to increasethe ratio of agricultural financial subsidies.Chapter5: The political suggestions for further narrowing the income gapbetween urban and rural residents. It puts forward the countermeasures according tothe focus and direction in the process of reform in the two cities.