Studies On The Formation And Evolution Of Spatial Ternary Structure In Coal Resourse Regions

The resource-based regions formed by the large-scale resource development anddominated by the mining and energy are easy to fall into resources advantage trap andappear many problems, such as fluctuations in economic growth, the deterioration ofecological environmental, single industrial structure, and many other “resource curse”phenomenons. Being attention to this phenomenon becomes one of the main topics ofregional economics’ concerns. In addition to these problems, resource-oriented layoutprinciples result in a resource-based regional particularity spatial layout structures. Atthe same time, mining becames an independent city and the countryside outside thethird space of the body, forming a special space that is different from the general area ofternary structure. The unique space layout and its evolution trend decides the factor ofallocative efficiency, which in turn influence regional development. Research on thisissue can both develope resource regional spatial layout structure theory, and also has acertain reference value to the resource-based regional spatial structure optimizationpractice.This paper uses regional economics and industrial economics theory, especiallyleading industry theory, agglomeration economies theory, industry association theory,polarization and diffusion theory to analyze the formation and evolution of the spatialstructure of the coal resource-based ternary region and propose two directions of miningareas’ evolution innovatively, namely the transition upward and transition downward;and taking coal resource-based city-Shanxi Jincheng for example to analysis itsternary structure of a space, and the factors of impact for each of its evolution. Basingon the theoretical and empirical analysis, we make specific suggestions for theuncoordinated phenomanon which exsists in the evolution of resource-based ternarystructure. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) General regions form multi-core general area " Core(City)-Edge (village)" dual structure, but because of the relative independence of mining, resource-basedregions form "core-Transition-Edge " ternary structure: core area formed bymanufacturing and service industries, transition area formed by mines, and edge areaformed by agricultures. The core area is dominated by manufacturing and serviceindustries, mines is dominated by the extractive industries and edge zone is dominated by agricultures. Because of the diversion to the capital and labor, mine weakseconomies of agglomeration of core area. Mine’s weak industry association results tolacking of the appropriate multiplier effect. As a result, the core area and transition areawill not play a zone growth pole, reducing the driving effect to the edge areadevelopment and slowing dowm the progress of urbanization. At last, agriculture、ruraldevelopment is lagging behind.(2) Resource-based regional spatial ternary structure is inefficient, and thusreduces the economic benefits of the city’s aggregation; the magor trend of spatialstructure optimization lies in the evolution of the mine: mine with good conditions has a" upward "(core) direction, which with the possibilities to become the core area with ahigh economic efficiency, and unit the original core area as one; with the depletion ofnatural resources demise, a "downward"(edge) direction with poor mining conditionsadjusts to the original core area gradually. The main factors concludes terrain conditions,industry selection, development foundation and so on.(3) Shanxi Jincheng is a typical coal resource-based citiy.In the years of resourcedevelopment process, it forms a typical space ternary structure. In recent years, withindustrial restructuring and urban construction, mine and urban integrat into onegradually. Even so, there are still many obstacles in the evolution of spatial structure,such as a single industry, the small scale of core area, weak agglomeration economiesand so on. In order to optimize the spatial structure, it’s need to continue to promoteindustrial upgrading, centralized layout and build a diversified industrial system. Bystrengnthing the planning of industry clusters, we should guide industry to focus oncampus or agglomeration areas. In the last, we should integrate relationship betweenurban, rural and mine to promote mining town to transfer into a regional center of town.