Analysis On The Path Of Ecological Environment Governance From The Perspective Of The Capability

Since the outburst of ecological crisis in western developed countries in the 1950s and 1960s, the water and soil loss, land desertification, decline in species, chemical pollution and other issues have been endangering people’s survival and development. People began to pay attention to ecological and environmental problems. China also faces similar ecological and environmental problems which are even more serious than those in western countries because all the problems the developed countries have been confronted with at different stages of the industrialization process have simultaneously occurred in China. Some ecological and environmental issues, such as haze, sand storm and poor air quality, have a severe negative influence on Chinese residents’ daily life. However, many people have not realized the harm brought by the deteriorating ecological and environmental issues, which many local governments have not taken effective countermeasures to deal with.From the perspective of Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach, the paper make a deep analysis of the causes of people’s inadequate knowledge of current ecological and environmental issues and environmental awareness in terms of education, health, community participation, information transparency and social security. This paper first analyzed domestic and foreign practice of ecological and environmental management by literature reviewing. Based on the case study of East Lake District, Qingshanhu District, Qingyunpu District and Xinjian County of Nanchang City with questionnaires, this paper studied residents’ recognition of current ecological and environmental issues and their awareness of environment protection through qualitative and quantitative analysis.The survey revealed that the respondents had inadequate acknowledge of current ecological and environmental issues and their awareness of environment protection was rather weak. It came to the conclusion that a capacity building-oriented approach for ecological and environmental management should be worked out so as to find new ways to deal with the ecological issues in China and to promote China’s sustainable development and ecological civilization construction, that is,1) to strengthen education on ecological environment and improve environmental literacy; 2) to increase publicity and exposure and change concepts; 3) to encourage building environmental NGOs and promote public participation; 4) to improve environmental information transparency, build effective platforms and increase exchange and interaction; 5) to perfect social security system to help residents enhance their ability to escape from health risks caused by increasingly deteriorating ecological and environmental problems.