Studies On Content Of Chlorogenic Acid With Different Harvest Time And The Drying In Gardenia Jasminoides Ellis Fruits

Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is a kind of ripe fruit of Rubiaceae of Gardenia genera. And it’s edible and pharmaceutical resources, which was issued by Ministry of Health firstly. China has rich natural resources in gardenia which is widely distributed in zhejiang, fujian, jiangxi, guizhou, Taiwan ed al. In fujian province, over 6,667,000 m2 of gardenia called "fenguan No. I" which is of high yield and quality are planted every year with more than three thousand tons of annual production of gardenia fruit. Chlorogenic acid is the most organic acid in gardenia fruit which is also one of the important biological activity materials in gardenia fruit. Because chlorogenic acid has many functions like antibacterial action and diminishing inflammation, liver protection and chole benefit, antitumor, and scavenging free radicals, etc, it is widely used in medicine, food, health care products, daily necessities, etc. For further development and utilization of gardenia ample resources in fujian province, in this paper, we use "fenguan No.l" gardenia that mainly planted in fujian as raw material and chlorogenic acid content as the evaluation index to discuss the influence of chlorogenic acid content at best harvest time between the variation of chlorogenic acid content in different harvest time and hot air-microwave vacuum drying technology. And based on this, the best technical parameters of the chlorogenic acid organic solvent extraction with ultrasound auxiliary is optimized. The main results are as follows:1. Chlorogenic acid has strong stability in low temperature, keeping in dark place and acid condition. Comparing different parts of the fruit at the same period, chlorogenic acid has the highest content in nuts, followed by the whole fruit and nut shell is the lowest. The content of gardenia chlorogenic acid reaches it’s first peak at the 1st,7th and then the highest peak at 21st week after bearing fruit. At 21st week, the content of the chlorogenic acid in nut shell, nuts and the whole fruit was separately 4.6 mg/g,6.58 mg/g,6.05 mg/g. According to the need of the production, timely collecting gardenia and extracting chlorogenic acid used as medicine, we can use fruit harvested at the 21st week-fruit which contain the highest chlorogenic acid content.2.The content of gardenia chlorogenic acid may be influenced by hot air-microwave vacuum drying.The better process condition of gardenia hot air-microwave vacuum drying:hot air temperature at 60℃, the conversion time 46.82 min, microwave intensity 11.7W/g, vacuum degree -51kPa and intermittent ratio 78s-on/42s-off. The content of gardenia chlorogenic acid is 29.55mg/g in this drying condition.3.By single factor and orthogonal test, the influence of the gardenia fruit chlorogenic acid extraction effect factors’ primary and secondary order is ethanol concentration(A)>extraction time(C)>ultrasonic power(D)>extraction temperature(B). The better process condition of the chlorogenic acid ultrasonic-assisted organic solvent extraction is ethanol concentration 60%, extraction temperature 65 ℃, extraction time 25 min, ultrasonic power 240W, liquid material ratio 1:15f/mL and 2 times extraction. In these conditions, the extraction content of the chlorogenic acid can reach 27.9mg/g.