Research On Climate Club In Global Cooperation To Carbon Emissions And The Development Of HGEP

With the growing problem of global climate change, countries have recognized the need for global cooperation to carbon emissions. However, due to the global carbon dioxide emissions as a global public goods is non-exclusive and non-competitive, global carbon emission reduction have become Prisoner’s Dilemma and Tragedy of the Commons problem in the area of climate change, Free-rider phenomenon is very common. This paper studies on how to overcome the Free-rider problem in global cooperation to reduce emission, using computer experimental methods in human geography. After the theoretical analysis of Climate Club and experiments on climate game, we developed a computer platform for experimental human geography-Climate Game Experiment Platform to study the establishment of Climate Club can solve the free-rider problem in global cooperation emissions or not. The design of the platform is based on C-CIECIA model and the mechanisms of Climate Club.Climate Club is a bottom-up coalition, the club is an agreement by participating countries to undertake harmonized emissions reductions. International target carbon price is the threshold lever for each country to join the club, International target carbon price is equal to global social cost of carbon (SCC). Countries could meet the international target price requirement using whatever mechanism they choose. A key part of the club mechanism is that nonparticipants are penalized. The penalty analyzed here is uniform percentage tariffs on the imports of nonparticipants into the club region. At the same time, the impact of tariffs on trade also takes into account among the club gain mechanism.The traditional game theory analysis through mathematical reasoning, deductive way can get a game equilibrium of Climate Club mechanism. However, the logic of game theory analysis of non-contradiction undermined the credibility of the results of its theory. Game by experimental method can obtain experimental evidence to verify, analyze and improve the Climate Club theory. Climate game experiment involving more than one country and a lot more complex data, the traditional economics laboratory experiments cannot meet the needs. Therefore, we use computer experimental methods of human geography in this study, computer network technology is introduced into the human geography experiment.The main idea of the climate game experiments is that at different tariff rates and international carbon target price conditions, to observe whether the experimenter made decision to participate in the club, to analyze the respective domestic carbon price given by the experimenter, to study whether the mechanism club truly overcome the free rider problem. To find the influence of punish tariff rate and international targets carbon price to carbon reduction cooperation under the club mechanism. Depending on the target price of carbon, climate game experiments is divided into three rounds, there are three repeated games in each round.Through experiments, we obtained conclusions are as follows:(1) Unified tariff punishment as the core mechanism for Climate Club can solve the free-rider problem in global carbon emissions cooperation, but the global average carbon price will be slightly higher than the international target carbon price. (2) Climate Club mechanism is more suitable for the circumstances of low carbon target price and medium tariff. (3) In repeated game, it was found that one-shot decision cannot fully portray the real national decision-making influenced by the information sharing, mutual trust, reputation and so on. (4) There are differences in national economic welfare, which is mainly caused by the different intensity of wishes. The different intensity of wishes was caused by the different levels of national economic development. (5) Computer experimental method is an important means of human geography research to verify the theoretical problems and discover new problems.