Study On The Chemical Composition And Volatile Oil Of Centaurea Cyanus L Root Of Uyghur Medicinal Plant

Centaurea cyanus L is a therophyte growing in Iran, Armenia, Hotan in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and it belongs to Composite family. Stems of Centaurea cyanus L is erected and above middle of it have much branched stems. Root of Centaurea cyanus L is one of Uyghur medicinal plant and by Uyghur named as “Akbahman”. It is used as a folk medicine to treat Spermatorrhea premature ejaculation, Edge flower diuretic, Palpitations Impotence, Achenes ancient oil, Mucus quality and Wet cold disease. Besides, it has a significant role of adjuvant therapy to treat eye fatigue, eye redness, dark circles and eye trauma. Study on the chemical composition and volatile oil of Centaurea cyanus L Root is significant to accelerate Uyghur pharmaceutical research. This paper describes the isolation and purification of compounds from Root of Centaurea cyanus L. we examed method of the organic crystal growth and extraction process Optimization、Antioxidant Activity and GC-MS analysis of Volatile oil from Root of Centaurea cyanus L. The experimental results and conclusions are as follows:1. The method of steam distillation 、ultrasonic- water 、 petroleum ether、 ultrasonic- petroleum ether、 solvent method were used to extract the essential oils from Root of Centaurea cyanus L. The extraction conditions were optimized by by using orthogonal experimental design. The chemical composition of the essential oils from Root of Centaurea cyanus L were analysed by GC-MS method. Among the five methods, the most types of chemical composition of volatile oils were obtained by using the method of steam distillation and 33 compounds were identified. The optimum extraction conditions by using this method to extract volatile oil from Root of Centaurea cyanus L is C3B2A3, the order of impact factor to extract volatile oil: extraction time> solid-liquid ratio> soaking time, which is soaking time for 6 h, solid-liquid ratio for 1 : 15 g/m L,extraction time for 6 h.2. Seven compounds were obtained from Root of Centaurea cyanus L and their structures were identified by using spectral techniques and X- ray. These compounds are : D-Fructopyranose, Stigmast-5-en-3-O-β-D-glucoside, β-Glucose, α-Glucose, Sucrose, Trans- caffeic acid, β- sitosterol.3. Crystal of one of isolated compounds was cultured and its crystal structure was determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction method. The method of crystal growth of the compound is to dissolve the compound(25 mg) in a chloroform and methanol mixed solvent(volume ratio of it is 4: 1). The crystal structure of the solid is determined by using an electron microscope.4. The anti-oxidation of Volatile oil extracting by using five method from Root of Centaurea cyanus L. were evaluated by determination of hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, determination of DPPH radical scavenging activity and determination of antioxidant activity,while vitamin C as a standard. Volatile oil from Root of Centaurea cyanus L. have certain antioxidation effect.