Research On Spatial And Temporal Distribution Of Self-sufficiency Rate Of Water Resources Based On The Demand Of Grain In The Three Provinces In Northeast

China is an agricultural country, agriculture is the foundation of the nationaleconomy, and water is the lifeblood of agriculture, so food security is closely relatedto water resources security, but water shortage has influenced seriously food security.Virtual water theory is put forward to break the people’s traditional idea, provides anew idea to research and solve the problem of water security and food security.This paper according to current situation of agricultural water tension in thenortheast of China, calculates virtual water content of unit mass crops, total virtualwater and virtual water consumption, analysis virtual water dynamic changes of grainconsumption in36cities. We calculates self-sufficiency rate of water resources basedon the needs of grain consumption, according to the production and consumption ofgrain, and analysis its temporal variation characteristics and spatial distribution, it canprovide theoretical reference basis to crop planting structure adjustment and theoptimal allocation of agricultural water resources in three provinces in northeast.This paper draws the following conclusions:First, virtual water content of unit mass of each crop is difference very much.The unit virtual water content of soybean and wheat has been in the first place, theunit virtual water content of rice is followed by, the unit virtual water of corn contentis the lowest.Second, the grain sowing area is increased from1998to2012, the virtual wateramount also showed a trend of fluctuations rise. Among of virtual water amount ofgrain, corn is accounted for the largest, rice, and soybeans are the second, then wheatis at least. The cities with large amount of virtual water are concentrated in the centraland northern areas in the northeastern of China. Jilin province is the golden area of theproduction of corn, Heilongjiang province is rich of soybean and rice. And the yieldof wheat is lower in the whole region.Third, the virtual water of grain consumption in the three provinces of northeastis state of declined, and amplitude of variation is larger. The grain consumption virtualwater of rice and wheat accounts for absolutely advantage, the proportion of corn isrelatively small, and soybean is at least. However, the proportion of rice is continue toincrease, gradually occupied the dominant position, the proportion of wheat shrinks,gradually relegated to second place. The cities with large amount of all kinds ofvirtual water consumption are concentrated in the central and northern areas in the northeastern of China.Fourth, in the past15years, in the four crops, both corn and soybeans cancompletely self-sufficient. In most cities, the rice can also meet the needs ofthemselves, and this is more and more common. But, in the most cities, theself-sufficiency rate of wheat water resources is gradually reduced, especially in thesouth region in the three northeast of China.