The Research On Emergency Shelters Planning Of Changsha

Security ties to the city and its inhabitants healthy and orderly development ofthe city. With the development of urbanization, urban security issues frequent happen.Natural disasters and man-made accidents continue to occur, threatening the safety ofthe city and its residents, the city is also in the development of the accumulation ofrisk. City emergency shelter is an important place for the city to deal with naturaldisasters and emergencies, and its layout affects the ability of the emergencyevacuation of the city and its residents, and also the level of risk aversion.Since the2008Wenchuan earthquake, planning and construction of emergency shelters problemcaused widespread concern. Traditional research planning and layout of emergencyshelters and more qualitative research-based, construction or planning is based onprevious experience or planning after the first construction, lacking of scientificrationality analysis of urban emergency shelter layout, leading to the plan andlayout of existing emergency shelters has certain blindness. Based on the existingresearch results, this paper research conclusion of scholars both at home and abroad,as well as parts of the city planning and construction experience of the emergencyshelter at home and abroad, based on the analysis of urban emergency shelter, on thebasis of the basic connotation and design standards, taking Changsha city as anexample, to the situation of layout of Changsha city emergency shelters for furtherinvestigation and study, field survey in Changsha city existing emergency shelters,and emergency shelter interviews with residents, to understand the construction ofemergency shelters of Changsha, analysis of Changsha city characteristics and theexisting problems of construction of emergency shelters. Reference of disasterprevention planning system at home and abroad to hierarchical planning of emergencyshelters, the Changsha city emergency shelters is divided into the municipal, districtand community level at three levels, different grades of emergency shelters in size,scope of services and facilities have different Settings requirements, convenientmanagement and emergency rescue organizations. And try to use the GIS spatialanalysis technology, analyses present situation of Changsha city emergency shelterlayout, quantitative description of emergency shelters service gap. In combinationwith the practical situation of Changsha city forecast of the demand for emergencyshelters, and combination of Changsha urban districts for emergency shelter hierarchical planning, combination of Changsha suitable land for construction ofemergency shelters and not suitable for analysis of land for construction of emergencyshelters for land use planning layout, according to the different levels of emergencyrefuge facilities set standards for public facilities planning, on the basis of existingroad structure, combined with emergency refuge shelter evacuation path planninglayout. Finally, the emergency shelter planning and construction in Changsha city putsforward some Suggestions, such as emergency shelter network must be established, toestablish and perfect the emergency refuge system of GIS database, stage planningand construction of emergency shelters, shelter land composite use and according todifferent disasters and events set up emergency shelters, improve publicconsciousness on disaster prevention asylum, etc. So as to provide scientific basis forChangsha city construction of emergency shelters and reference.Although there hasbeen a lot on the study of emergency shelters, but have not form a complete, practicaland feasible operating system, there is no more perfect management system, peoplefor emergency shelters is a lack of necessary knowledge. Therefore, for emergencyshelters applied research and discussion is very necessary.