Study On Art Characteristics Of Hen An Classical Academy Gardens

Ancient academy,an important educational system which is different from the officialschools and private schools,was the place the confucian scholars gathered,gavelectures,collected of books,learn of art and recreation. As an important educationalinstitution in ancient China, it is not only playing an irreplaceable role in the history of thedevelopment of education, but also carries the essence of Chinese classicalculture;represents the level of all aspects of politic,economy and culture;the most direct andcomplete preservation of the historical and cultural information. so the study of ancientacademy has always been highly valued.Henan,the origin and mature area of Chineseancient academy, is the key area during the development history of Chinese academy.Henanancient academy garhen based on literati gardens,in accordance with the regionalcharacteristics and the unique artistic charm,is a splendid page in the history of Chineseclassical gardens. However,itis regrettable that the research on Henan gardens isinadequate.This thesis is in the theory of landscape architecture,from the whole to thepart,from the macro to the micro, objective analysis the various aspects of Henan gardens,aim to a more comprehensive, meaningful summary to the local gardens.Base on the collection of relevant literature of ancient academy and the investigationsof field case in Henan,we analysis the characteristics of historical development, quantitydistribution and dynamic chage, then has the conclusion that the general trendency ofancient academy building was:the gardening activities and gardening ideas both made theSouthern Song Dynasty as the watershed, appeared and developed from the Tang to the FiveDynasties and ten states, rapidly matured in the Northern Song Dynasty to the SouthernSong Dynasty, Yuan Ming slowly developed and appeared short Renaissance period, themiddle of the Qing Dynasty reached the highest historical period.Then through the overalldynamics grasp in this region,extract the object in the research range;sort out its culturalbackground, construction status and other information as detailed as possible;survey andmap in the filed to collect the first hand data;finally,using the landscape architecture to parsethe ancient academy garden,which is the focus of this paper. Through the in-depth study,we summarizes the art of landscape gardens with:the site selecting of Henan academy gardensdo not constrain in the form but natural and humannities; conception to Confucian ideal ofthe harmony between human and the nature for purpose; pay attention to the layout withadaptability to a scenic spot; treatment of micro topography stress on the abundant space, byappropriate body, mood of far-reaching;chasing the cultural connotation, is mainlyinfluenced by the Confucianism;the garden thought is implied in the matter, the small to see,science garden aesthetics that all business is the most significant, and the infiltration ofregional culture is characteristic.Therefore, the academy gardens in Henan is not only thesplendid civilization of local landscape, but also an important page in the history of Chineselandscape architecture.