Research On The Design Of The Yuelu Academy Garden

In Chinese feudal society, the classical academy was a new type of educational institution which is different from official school and private school. It originated in Tang Dynasty, matured in Five Dynasties, flourished in Song Dynasty and popularized in Ming and Qing Dynasty, with a history of more than 1,000 years. The classical academy was a kind of comprehensive and multifunctional education organization, which generally serves for lectures, book collection and sacrifice. With the influence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, the classical academy had profound culture. At the same time, suffering from the impact of traditional Chinese garden culture, it pay attention to environment and space artistic conception. And this combination formed the special landscape form.As one of the four major famous ancient academies in China, Yuelu Academy has thousand year history and enjoyed the reputation of"one-thousand-year-old academy". It is the most representative of Chinese ancient academy gardens, according to its large-scale, complete function and abstruse cultures. As the synthesis of Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism and folk culture, Yuelu academy garden is a multi morphology and multi-level comprehensive system, and its landscape design showed diverse cultural characteristics. Influenced by the views of the Confucian "Unification of heaven and man", the Taoist" choosing scenic spots as the location of academies" and the theory of Geomancy, the choice of location attached importance to the environment outside. It aimed to these environment such as "closing to the mountain and river", "be secluded from the noise and hubbub of the vulgar society", "scenic" and "Yang located and Yin backed". The spatial layout adhered to the Confucian core social values:"rites and music complement each other". Using a axis that is made up with a series of yard to explain the order of"rite".Through the garden architectural group patterns, interfingering open space and complementary division and fusion function sub areas deducted the harmony of "music". The processing of internal space of the Yuelu Academy adopted various traditional gardening skills to enrich its space content. Using the measure of utilizing local conditions ,the designer built these buildings and yards in accordance with the Yuelu mountain to add the space levels. Using the measure of scenery一borrowing, take Yuelu Mountain as a part of Yuelu Academy in order to expand its space . The landscape design of Yuelu Academy displays simple and elegant style, it'aims to teach students through lively activities by combining with artistic interests of calligraphy and painting. Garden environment is intended to show the beauty of landscape and the artistic mood. Garden plants arrangement, not only pays attention to seasonal changes, but also emphasizes the thought of"Gentleman Compete in Virtue". Garden decoration pursuits the fresh and elegant style, to manifest the philosophy of life and the aesthetic taste of the literati which is indifferent to frame and wealth. Yuelu academy, which has been in existence for millennium and experienced historical vicissitudes, is an epitome of Chinese academy. The paper explores the intrinsic mode and the profound design thoughts of which builds the landscape of the yards by YueLu garden as the investigated example. On one hand, it supplies a gap in the study of the domestic landscape of colleges. On the other hand,it can provide some direction to construct the characteristic culture landscape.