A Study On The Garden Art Features Of Henan Academy Of Qing Dynasty

The academy originated in the Tang Dynasty.The earliest academy in Henan was Li zheng Academy,which was the place for collection and revision of books.After the Qing Dynasty,the academy reached the level of popularization,and formed a functional framework based on lectures,sacrifices,and collection.At the beginning of its establishment,it was closely linked with scholars and scholars to upgrade their academics,cultivate their hearts,and establish a way of life for people.The purpose of creation includes detachment from the world,writing books,sayings,chanting,and grace.Meaning.Therefore,there is a profound cultural spirit in the garden of the academy.In the course of the millennium development,the academy has prosperity and decline,but what has remained unchanged is the yearning for the beautiful academy environment and the persistent pursuit of the Confucian ideal spiritual realm.The academy’s garden pays special attention to the site layout,construction method,mountain and water bodies,planting and other contents,forming its own unique style and characteristics.On the one hand,the study of the Qing Dynasty academy in Henan helps to inherit the long and splendid academy culture,on the other hand,it can provide inspiration and reference for the protection and development of the academy.This article uses a combination of consulting literature and field research to interpret the gardens of the Qing Dynasty academy in Henan.Studies have shown that the development of Henan Academy of Classical Learning in the Qing Dynasty generally showed a historical process from slow recovery to rapid development to prosperity and finally to decline.During this process,the number and distribution of academies reached their peak.In the site selection,it has the characteristics of taking quiet as the source,choosing victory and building,focusing on humanities,choosing neighbors and living with reference to Feng Shui,and distinguishing the direction of the square.The overall layout adopts a symmetrical layout of the central axis,with core buildings such as lecture halls,sacrificial halls and library buildings arranged on the central axis,and the ancillary buildings are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis,forming a layout structure that runs through east and west and is symmetrical between north and south.The functional zoning is divided into complementary and complementary,and each district is independent and interdependent.The space construction method is represented by the flexible and changeable courtyard space,the inheritance and transformation of the landscape sequence and the clever application of the borrowed frame.After sorting out the landscape elements of the five academies,the conclusions are as follows: From the architectural point of view,there are many teaching and sacred buildings.The overall structure is mainly brick-wood structure,with more than three rooms and less than five rooms,and the roof is mostly single-eave hard mountain and There are two types of single-eave roll shed,the overall style is fresh and elegant,simple and generous.The leading buildings are represented by heavy doors and curses,from noise to silence;the teaching buildings are solemn and caring;the ritual buildings are graceful,inherited and traditional;the book collection buildings are multi-dimensional and beautiful,and fire prevention is the most important;Feng Shui class The building has a profound meaning,which is related to cultural movement;recreational building creations are pre-positioned to treat quiet people.The academy chooses plants with symbolic significance and edible value in favor of tree species with the characteristics of metaphor.There are 164 species of 129 genera and 72 families in the main existing plants,most of which are deciduous plants.Among them,plum,arborvitae,willow,poplar,sycamore,wax plum,osmanthus,crape myrtle,apricot,elm,oak,bamboo,etc.currently using.The planting methods are mainly planting and column planting,and the seasons have the characteristics of four seasons and flowers all year round.In terms of mountain and stone,the academy prefers real mountains and rivers,mainly to appreciate natural mountains and terrain,and there are relatively few stacked stones.The selection of natural stones is simple and deep,and it is ruined.The stacked rockery has a sense of reason and is very good.The characteristics of God’s will.In the construction of water systems,more adapt to nature,less combing,reflecting the characteristics of adapting to local conditions,advocating Confucianism and drinking water.The stone inscriptions are simple and complex,with the characteristics of uniform form and content.The couplet plaques mostly refer to Confucian classics,promote benevolence and morality,promote the learning atmosphere,mark and expand the space,and have the characteristics of endless words and meanings.The Qing Dynasty academy in Henan exhibited the above characteristics mainly for two reasons.On the one hand,in the form of construction,the academy learned from the construction methods of traditional houses,temples and temples and official academies in the development process.Converge for your own use.On the other hand,it is the result of the dual role of academy culture and gardening thoughts.The main reasons for this are: the natural concept of "integration of man and nature";the aesthetic taste of "Confucian music";Requirements;the teaching method of "Tibet repair and leisure travel".Finally,this article puts forward corresponding protection and development suggestions for the outstanding problems of Henan Academy of Classical Learning.