Research On Scale And Layout Features Of Public Seats Of Urban Comprehensive Park In Shanghai

Public seat is the widespread and indispensable element in the citypark. It is an important part of the park, which not only facilitatespeople’sneed ofcommunication and rest, butalso matches the landscape.With the fast development ofmodern economyand technology, people’slife pace becomes faster and faster. They are yearning for a more relaxedoutdoor environment. In the consequence, the seat utilization hasgradually increased. This paper focused on the lack of design for publicseats in city parks, chose size and layout as two aspects, selected ninerepresentative comprehensive parks in Shanghai for the survey, used avariety of methods, analyzed and summarized the number and layoutfeatures of the seats in comprehensive parks. In order to provide areasonable basis for the design of seats in Shanghai and other regions,and to provide a reference for supplying and improving the constructionof facilities in park design specification.The main contents and conclusions of the study are the following:(1) Through survey on seats of nine comprehensive parks inShanghai, set the scale indicator as seats number Y1, and seats density Y2.Then analyzed factors which affected the number and density of the seatsare park area X1, land area ratio X2, and pavement space area ratio X3. Byusing statistical software such as Excel and SPSS19.0, the paper analyzedseats’ qualitative features. The conclusions of seats scale were thefollowing: Seats number Y1has a significant linear correlation with parkarea X1, and pavement space area ratio X3, the linear regression equationswere: Y1=186.121+1.817X1, Y1=407.591-5.809X3. The land area ratiohad no significant correlation with seats number. Seats density Y2was notinfluenced by other factors, but remained within a certain range. By usingSPSS19.0to do the interval estimation, the result showed that seats density Y2ranged from6.9to21.7.Through calculating the Herfindahl index of seat number of differentfunctional areas of nine comprehensive parks, and doing the varianceanalysis of seats density of different functional areas, the result showedthat the distribution of seats number in nine integrated parks was uneven,but the seats density had no significant difference. By using SPSS19.0todo the interval estimation for seat density of each functional area, theresult showed that the range of seats density in cultural and entertainmentdistrict, quiet and rest district, watch and tour district, children’s activitydistrict were as follows:[10.94,46.84],[7.21,29.74],[8.92,36.86],[11.93,30.81],[17.06,28.75].(2) Whether a seat had privacy was a standard to measure whetherthe seat met a variety of people’sneeds.Based on this the paper dividedcomprehensive parks into privacy and publicity seats, to explore the ratioof number and the layout features of them. Took the method ofsummarizing, explored the layout features of seats in the parks in twoways: First, starting from the seat itself, to explore the relationshipbetween the style and position of the seats placement and combinationbetween them. Calculate the proportion between seats with back, seatswithout back, round seats, semi-round seats is16:14:2:1; Second, startingfrom the relationship between seats and environment, by analyzing therelationship between the seats and water, seats and road, seats and spaceas well as seats and the plants, calculate the proportion between them is1:2:3, explored the layout of seats in the environment. In order tosummarize the layout features of seat in the park in general, provided areference for the design.(3) Conducted the assessment of the scale and layout of seats in9comprehensive parks in Shanghai, analyzed the number ratio of seatsdesign, identified shortcomings and deficiencies, made out the designprinciples to meet people’ s needs, and then proposed reasonablerecommendations.Due to the limitations of the survey samples and time, there weresome shortcomings in this paper: First, the method was objective, notfocused on subjective level such as the tourists’ point of view to study the use of seats; Second, most of the objects were concentrated in thedowntown, not chose the parks in suburb as the objects; Third, whendefining the seats, the seats in buildings such as pavilions and galleries,which had certain limitations were not included. Hope to carry out furtherresearch about this in the future.