Research On The Spatial Layout Of Primary And Middle Schools In Small Cities

With the leap type development of social economy, the urbanization rate increased,urban spatial structure and urban land structure、population size and spatial distributionis changing, and the original layout of schools can no more adapt to the actual demandof the society. Unreasonable space layout of primary and middle schools caused manyproblems: students can’t go to the nearest schools for the distance is too far,unreasonable service radius of schools, resources waste caused by the overlapping ofservice areas, and the imbalance of the basic education development. The numbers andscales of primary and middle schools in small cities have a certain gap from large andmedium-sized cities owing to the economic and population size, spatial layout problemis more prominent.The construction of city primary and middle schools belong to the category ofpublic service facilities configuration, the basic requirement of the users namelystudents is can choose the entrance of the schools which are nearest, the mainconsideration of students is the service radius of the schools, students hope schoolconfiguration can develop balanced. The GIS technology in recent years has becomethe more scientific methods of the planning which adopted by the decision makers ofurban planning.，in this article, through the application of GIS technology in theresearch of space layout of the primary and middle schools, accessibility of primary andmiddle schools, the service radius and to optimize the location of schools are studied,hope that through technical means to solve the problem of spatial layout of primary andmiddle schools.This paper first introduced many of the GIS spatial analysis technologies which in the application of the research of space layout of primary and middle schools. Thenanalyze the related parameters and model of the space distribution of primary andmiddle schools. Finally combining with the specific object of research, to analysis thespatial accessibility and service radius of primary and middle schools in macheng city,obtained the appropriate indicators of the service radius of space layout of primary andmiddle schools in macheng city, and using the indicators of the service radius andevaluation of site selection to optimize the layout of space of primary and middleschools, space layout of primary and middle school become more reasonable accordingto the optimized scheme, overlap degree of schools service scope declined, distance forstudents to schools reduced, and schools serviced more urban population.This research explores the application method of GIS technology and the methodfor determining suitability index of service radius of primary and middle schools in theresearch of the space layout of the primary and middle schools. In addition, in this paper,the research of optimal location of primary and middle schools, provide the certainpractical significance for new school facility location and so on. For the particularity ofsmall cities, this research take primary and middle schools in macheng city as anexample to explore and try on research of spatial layout of primary and middle schoolsfor small cities, providing some experience to make the spatial layout of city primaryand middle schools more scientific and reasonable..