| Forest is honored as the “lungs of the earth” and called as the world’s three big ecosystems together with wetlands and oceans, breeding and enriching Global biodiversity. According to the map of “Global Forest Watch”, the forest coverage rate in our country is much lower than the world average level. After several stages of the policy of returning farmland to forest, the forest coverage rate has been improved and governments have also accumulated mature technology and experience in building plantation. However, with the improvement of people’s living quality, people’s psychological demands for forest should be attached great attention and satisfied, so the construction of convenient transportation and urban forest parks with favorable ecological environment has become a major topic in today’s construction of urban civilization. City is a giant system which possesses the complexity and diversity of urban forest parks. The rich diversity of biological species provides a foundation for the optimization of urban ecological space, and the improvement of the urban environment will accelerate cities, these giant systems, to repair and update itself. The construction of urban forest parks in China started rather late, and the plant landscape planning and design of urban forest parks is still in its initial stage with insufficient exploration of technology and methods, so plant landscape construction plays a vital role in the successful construction of urban forest parks. For this end, it is extremely essential and meaningful to conduct theoretical research on this topic.This paper, first of all, through consulting lots of related literature at home and abroad, derives the connotation of forest landscape from the definition of forest, classifies forest based on people’s different demands for forest landscape by taken man as the main body, and elaborates urban forest parks and forest plants in detail. Combined with the case study of urban forest parks at home and abroad, it summarizes the successful experience of plant landscape planning and design of urban forest parks and finds out the main problems.Second, this study sums up thoughts and theories, as well as scientific approaches in urban forest construction by the theoretical research on the planning and design of urban forest parks and taking current domestic urban forest parks built in China as examples. On the basis of theoretical research, the investigation and analysis on the forest community types, forest planting resource and the present situation of urban green space from Ningxia area in this paper summarizes the types of plant resources and plant communities in Ningxia area and screen the species suitable for forest park construction. The paper suggests forest plant community planning modes and tree species planning. The study also proposes concrete and feasible planning such as planning patterns of forest plant communities and the planning proportion of the seeds of trees and designs the live type of forest plant landscape planning models and wetland landscape planning models to protect and attract animals and increase the diversity of animals.Finally, integrated with the planning and design of plants in urban forest parks of Zhongwei City, this paper formulates reasonable planning and design guidelines as well as planning objectives from the perspectives of the city’s overall positioning, urban space layout, and reasonable use of urban ecological resources; puts forward the design theory of separated circles, lines and locations to establish a three-dimensional mode of plant planning structure from multiple levels and directions. This study also explores an appropriate theoretical system for the urban forest park planning and design in Ningxia plain and systematic plant configuration methods, thus providing basis and theoretical supports for the subsequent launching of the construction of forest parks in various cities and counties(districts) of Ningxia in terms of the planning and design of plants. |
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