| As is known to all, education is of crucial importance to our nation’s rejuvenation. As the beginning of lifelong learning, the preschool education is not only an important part of national education system but also a kind of social public welfare work. But we must the fect that enough attention has not been paid which the development of preschool education deserves, and also a scientific and systematic planning has not been undertaken. At the moment, the problem of "schooling difficulty" becomes increasingly prominent whose main reason lies in the distribution imbalance of educational resources, with imbalance of teacher resources and imbalance of school distribution as the concrete manifestation. In recent years, the central government has made it clear that the development of preschool is a major livelihood project for constructing a harmonious socialist society. In the year 2009, the "National plan for medium and long-term education reform and development" was introduced, and then in 2010, the State Council issued’Several opinions on the current development of preschool education’, in this booklet it is demanded that we make vigorous development of preschool education as a breakthrough point while we implement the plan, and also governments of all levels fully recognize the significance and urgency of this development. Under the leadership of the central government, provinces and cities positively undertake the cause, in the year 2014, Board of Education of Chongqing issued "Notice on the construction and management of supporting kindergartens in residence communities". As one of the nine districts which comprise Chongqing Municipality, Beibei District is an advanced region in terms of cultural education and infant education, and it leads the way in the aspect of preschool education compared to other districts and counties of Chongqing. This paper selected Beibei Cooperation as the study case and ventures to analyze the problems encountered while we develop preschool education and then come up with an optimization scheme.Beibei Cooperation is the economic and social center of Beibei District, mainly including new and old urban districts in Beibei. With the construction and development of Beibei Cooperation in guide of Chongqing Municipality Government, economic, social and cultural undertakings have got considerable progress. In recent years, with the renovation of old district and the development of new district, the layout of the population has changed a lot. However, it is really hard to make the urban constructing and proper population distribution develop synchronously. The kindergartens are not evenly distributed for the population in supply and demand. Thus, people in this area are worried about the education of their infant-school children, which becomes an increasingly serious livelihood issue here. By taking Beibei Cooperation as the research case, this thesis analysts the spatial layout problems and causes and gets optimization scheme is to commendably solve the problem of the education of infant-school children, which not merely can help alleviate the "schooling difficulty" that the school-age children are facing in Beibei Cooperation, but also be conducive to improve the quality of preschool education in Beibei District and promote social harmony.In order to achieve the purpose of this thesis, the thesis carries on systematical research from three parts and six chapters.The first part is theoretical foundation, which consists of the first chapter and the second chapter. It includes research background, research review, research content, research significance and research methods, which provides a stable theoretical foundation to the spatial layout of kindergartens in Beibei Cooperation.The second part is the analysis of main content, which consists of the third chapter, the forth chapter and the fifth chapter. This part applies above theory to practice, taking Beibei Cooperation as research region and taking kindergartens as research subject, which analysts the spatial layout problems and causes from number configuration and layout rationality, then gets optimization scheme based on the reality.The third part is conclusion and prospect, which is summarized by the sixth chapter. It includes research result, some inadequacy existed in research process and research direction in the future.In this paper, referencing to the spatial layout of kindergartens in Beibei Cooperation, the author gained the spatial attribute data and residential population data through investigating and surveying all kindergartens in Beibei Cooperation. Then based on geography information system technology, applying the methods of Voronoi Diagram (Thiessen polygon method), Overlay Analysis, diagram analysis and Location Quotient, the author analyst the existent problems in spatial layout and the reasons causing the problems in kindergartens of Beibei Cooperation from spatial distribution and number configuration, and finally have the idea of specific layout optimization and get clear visualization solutions. The results of research include the following three parts:(I) Number configuration is imbalanced of kindergartens in Beibei Cooperation. On the macro region, the problem mainly presents that the number of kindergartens in whole district is in short supply. So we think the amount should be increased from 37 to 46. On the microscopic, the problem mainly presents that a shortage and redundancy of kindergartens in certain parts. It shows that oversupply and serious waste of resources exist in 18 kindergartens. In them, Moon-railway kindergarten is a typical one. At the same,10 kindergartens is in short supply and the carrying capacity is seriously overweight. The Huang-jue kindergarten is a typical representative.(Ⅱ) The spatial layout problems and causes:A) The spatial distribution of kindergartens is uneven; the extent of spatial agglomeration in the old district is much higher than the new district. As the old district developed earlier, there are more developed industry and commerce, perfect public services facilities so that a large number of people are deservedly attracted to live here. Furthermore, convenient transportation and some kindergartens affiliated elementary and secondary school are distributed in old district, so the number of kindergartens is large. But quite some of these kindergartens are smaller. Because the ratio of land utilization is high and the idle land near original kindergartens is becoming increasingly scarce in old district and the expansion of educational facilities is difficult, the government has no other choice but to construct new kindergartens, which leads to dense distribution.B) The services area of kindergartens is unreasonable. There exist overlapping regions and coverage holes in service area. The overlapping regions mainly distribute in old district, whereas the coverage holes are more obvious in new district. This is not only closely related with the uneven of kindergartens layout density, but also associated with the transportation accessibility of all kindergartens.C) High-quality educational resource is insufficient and most of them excessively concentrate in old district. It is difficult to play an exemplary role in whole district. The district only has three exemplary kindergartens, which is about 10 percent of the total They mainly distribute in Chaoyang Street and Tiansheng Street of old district. Certainly, it is inseparable with longtime development foundation of old district(Ⅲ) The optimization scheme of kindergartens:A) Back-out:There are four kindergartens to be dismantled, which includes Ben-yue-lu kindergarten, Xiao-xiao kindergarten, Ben-yue-railway kindergarten and Yu-ying kindergarten.B) New-added:Thirteen kindergartens should be added, which includes one kindergarten in Chaoyang Street, two kindergartens in Longfengqiao Street, five kindergartens in Beiwenquan Street and five kindergartens in Dongyang StreetC) By optimizing layout, we recommend that the Beibei Cooperation should keep 46 kindergartens to meet the need of school-children. |
