A Study On The Management System Of China’s Maritime Search And Rescue In The Perspective Of Crisis Management

In recent years, with the deepening and promotion of globalization, marketization and informatization, Chinese marine traffic and transportation enters a high-speed development period. The scale of harbour construction is constantly expanded, and vessels tend to be upsizing, specialized and high-speed developed. The substantially increasing amount of transporting and fishing vessels brings huge economic benefits with new challenges and opportunities for governments at all levels to tackle marine critical incidents. On one side, marine critical incidents the governments are meeting are being intensified due to the instability and complexity of modernization. On the other, with the promotion of means of scientific and technologic informatization, the increasingly higher requirement to public safety of the publics and the superiority of the whole nation system, the confidence and abilities of our government to tackle marine critical incidents have been improved with each passing days.It should be said, The construction of the management system of maritime search and rescue is complicated system engineering. It is an organic integrity consisting of contingency plans, institutional framework, emergency resources, rescue technology, legal system, performance evaluation and so on. Its basic target is to improve the abilities of tackling marine critical incidents by setting up scientific and effective emergency management system. Earlier, western scholars have conducted relative studies based on combining their national experience and practices and have constructed both the management system of maritime search and rescue and working mechanism fit for their national conditions, which is worthy of our learning and using for reference. However, with the differences of economies, politics, societies and cultural traditions among different nations, the management systems of maritime search and rescue and operational modes constructed by different nations according to different national conditions have universality and particularity, thus when we study our management system of maritime search and rescue, we should conduct a thorough research on the practices on the management of ours based on understanding and mastering the theoretical problems of relative generalities, then probe into our special laws and put forward and construct the management system of maritime search and rescue with Chinese characteristics. At present, there have been such problems of maritime search and rescue system in our country hasn’t been perfect, the disposal capability of crisis has been strong enough, and the recovery mechanism hasn’t been sound. The problems are caused not only by the external environmental threats but also the system and mechanism of the government, not only by the long-standing malpractices but also by the social and economical transformation. Apparently, to solve them largely depends on further establishing and completing the management system of maritime search and rescue.This artical selects our national management system of maritime search and rescue as the object of the study after collecting and reading large amounts of document literature, and use the relative theories of the public crisis management and strategic govern, to put forward the suggestions of the construction and the policy of the management system of maritime search and rescue with Chinese characteristics, and to provide the indispensable theoretical foundation and practical support for our government to construct the dynamic, digital, integrated, specialized, harmonized, performance-related and normalized management system and running mode of maritime search and rescue, after proceeding with our national management system of maritime search and rescue with theoretical analysis, document literature, comparative study, survey research and other methods, by comprehensively reviewing the historical background of the development of the contemporary management system of maritime search and rescue, analyzing its current situation, problems existing and their reasons, stating its development tendency and summarizing and referring to the experience and lessons of other developed countries.