The Design Research Of A Special Vehicle GFRP Shelter

The shelter is similar to the container,which is a special automotive carriage with strong environmental adaptability and mobility. With the increase of market needs, the shelter is applied more and more widely. Therefore,it is particularly important to get some scientific theories and analysis methods for the guidance of the shelter production and developments.In this paper,the composite material design for a special vehicle shelter was conducted,and the main purpose was the shelter lightweight when the stress and deformation requirements were satisfied. Based on the previous study results and the shelter structural characteristics, the established finite element model should be simplified and the material for the shelter carriage plate skins was aluminium alloy. Then the study for the aluminium shelter structural characteristics was carried out using finite element method. We could verify the rationality of the structural design for the shelter from the analysis results.The mainly considered typical conditions in this research were four-points supporting condition,three-points supporting condition and helicopter lifting condition. Through ANSYS,the structural strength and stiffness analysis was performed to the aluminium shelter and the glass-fiber epoxy composite(GFRP) shelter so as to obtain the stress and deformation results. Compared with the results, we would find that GFRP shelter structural characteristics has superior advantages and the mass of GFRP shelter has reduced 16.38%. Afterwards,the research to GFRP shelter with different lay-up schemes was implemented by changing the fiber orientation and each layer thickness of the laminate. The exploration results indicate that the increase of the laminate layers is conductive to improve the shelter structural strength and stiffness and ±45° in the laminate design is beneficial to the shelter stiffness. At last,the optimization for the inside and outside skins size of the floor plate was completed by ANSYS optimal design module. After the optimization,the obtained optimal GFRP shelter has better mechanical performance than the previous one. The maximum deformation of the optimization one has reduced approximately 22% and the maximum equivalent stress has decreased 18%. So the optimization effects of the optimal module are obvious and the optimization method is reliable and efficient.