Resarch On The Linear Mathematical Model Of The Harbin Determinants Re -sidential Sunshine Analysis

With the acceleration of urbanization process, Harbin has become a high building density city in China. In order to construct a huge number of housing in the limited scope of the city, we must save the land resources as much as possible. It has become an effective solution to enhance the utilization of land resources by improving the residential district building height or floor area ratio. However, excessive building density will make the residential environment quality decline, which deviates from the original intention of the development of green healthy ecological residential district. How to effectively solve the tense relationship between housing and land has become a common problem in the city. Inappropriate building interval, height and orientation will bring a series of problems such as lighting and ventilation, and even cause psychological disorders and other diseases. This article studies on the linear model of the Harbin determinant residential building sunlight analysis mainly from the following three aspects of composition:One, do a field research on the determinant residential building that has already been built in Harbin, understand the data of common building’s height, breadth, depth and gable spacing in this area, and build a model for sunshine analysis, taking the Harbin determinant residential building as an example. Two, by changing the three influencing factors of building interval, building orientation and the height of the building and using the professional building model of sunlight analysis, generate a large number of sunshine duration data, and construct the interval, orientation and height influenced sunshine analysis model curve graphs. Three, the sunshine analysis model can more intuitively reflect the changing relationship between influencing factors and the sunshine time changes, and then analyzes its characteristics of nature from six major aspects, and sums up the application value of the sunshine analysis model.First of all, the author carries on the investigation to the Harbin determinant residential building, and set up four models:single multi-storey buildings, multi-storey buildings, high-rise buildings and many single high-rise building. Among them, the multi-storey residential buildings are of 22 meters in height,12 meters in depth, and 15 meters in gable distance. High-rise residential buildings are of 55 meters in height,15 meters in depth, and 15 meters in gable distance. Multi-storey buildings and high-rise buildings are of 60 meters in single breadth,1 meter in parapet height, and 1.35 meters in the bottom sill surface height. In comparison of three sunlight analysis software Tianzheng, Xiangyuan and Zhongzhi, and simulation of sunlight duration of architectural model along the bottom windowsill surface,we choose the Tianzheng sunlight analysis software as the most suitable for the research. Second, start with the different building spacing, different building orientation and different building height condition of the architectural model, simulate the great cold day sunlight environment of Harbin using the Tianzheng software, quantify the building bottom windowsill sunlight duration change under the above influencing factors, and each 4 types of building sunlight model under the influence of structure spacing, orientation and height, in a total of twelve sunlight analysis model. In the sunlight analysis factor model, the X axis represents the influence, Y axis represents the sunlight duration, which contains two curves of black and red. The black curve represents the single test point "sunlight duration" of the sheltered architecture. The red curve represents the five test points "sunlight duration" of the sheltered architecture. In the end, analyze the feature of the sunlight analysis model from the curve’s six aspects of variation trend, monotonicity, concavity and convexity, special point, increase or decrease amplitude and the continuity. Through the study on the model’s practical application value, we can understand the residential building’s sunlight duration changing regularity from another perspective, and also have some references for the building sunlight preliminary design. The rational choice of the model’s influencing factors is a new and more scientific way to the conventional design flow.