Design And Study On Solar Environment In Residential Quarter In North China

At present, the land for urban construction is reducing gradually while the priceof land is increasing continuously. It is demanding to residential quarter to find anoptimized balance between comfortable environment and plot ratio either from theview of developer's profit or from the view of economically utilizing land. Therefore,the study targets on how to optimize the solar environment by building designaccordingly.Firstly, a survey into a few existing residential quarters in Tianjin city wasproceeded to understand the building orientation and minimum distance of sunlight.The present national sunlight criteria is analyzed and its limitation are highlighted. Inorder to evaluate the solar environment scientifically and roundly, two elements of"sunlight area accumulation about time" and "direct indoor radiation energy" areintroduced, which enrich the only one using duration of sunlight of present nationalcode. Meanwhile, the concept "weighted radiation energy coefficient" is introduced.It calculates the sunlight area by weighted direct solar radiation energy. This allowsthe "sunlight area accumulation about time" more accurate. A program, with theWindows interface, is worked out and validated at processing large of building solarparameters.The study mainly focuses at the most familiar strap determinant architecturallayout at present in residential quarters. The study is processed by two phases. At thefirst phase, the sunlight gain from the sun angle is analyzed by using the programmentioned above. At the second phase, the sunlight gain from the azimuths of the sunis analyzed by using the Tarch Architecture software. It is found that the coefficient ofbuilding spacing to height is closely related to the orientation of building in theoptimization of solar environment, the orientation of building needed for optimizationvaried with the coefficient of building spacing to height. The study proposes priorityprinciples in solar environment design. It is used in analyzing the building solarenvironment in different coefficients of distance of sunlight. The conclusion is thatrational architectural layout can increase the duration of sunlight of the first floor andstaggering architectural layout both in landscape orientation and in longitudinalorientation are having advantages at improving the solar environment.