Application Research On Landscape Tree Morphology In Changsha From The Angle Of Gestalt Theory

Morphology is one of the main ornamental characteristics of plants, the shape of trees is a key factor to build the plant space, the shapes of trees especially the aesthetic value of nature form should receive greater attention and fully apply to practices of the plant landscape. Gestalt theory which is widely used in the field of architecture and landscape design has equally important reference and guidance to the aesthetic form of trees and landscaping applications. But at present, the related research is rarely.In order to explore the aesthetic characteristics and garden applications of the natural form of trees, this paper firstly investigated the plant morphology data of 171 kinds of garden trees in Changsha(91 species of trees,58 species of shrubs,16 species of rattan,6 kinds of bamboo), and collected the image information of plant trees and shrub species, then statisticed the proportion of various tree, type of branching angle, the number of species and proportion of various flowers, providing reference data of trees form for plant landscape design. It explored the aesthetic rules of the shapes of trees from the perspective of gestalt theory, figure-ground theory, field theory and homomorphism, providing certain guidance on the application of landscape plants.According to the aesthetic rules of the shapes of trees, the article discussed trees form configuration methods using gestalt theory. Using figure-ground theory, the article discussed the morphological selection and planting forms of the trump tree and background trees, and plant design method by using the shadow, dynamic, flowers, fruits and seasonal aspect of trees. Using the rule of grouping, the article discussed the key points and methods of tree disposition, the design of the canopy line, and control on the tree planting distance and volume. On the basis of investigation in plant community preferences, the article discussed the vertical design and plane layout of scenic phytocoenosis.In the end, the article analyzed the tree forms and plants landscape gestalt of Hunan Martyrs Park and Hamilton Gardens, and interpreted the application of gestalt theory in the practice of plant landscape design.