Evacuation Simulation Of Subway Based On Multi-agents And The Optimization Of The Internal Facilities Layout

Existing systems of pedestrian subway station evacuation were mainly qualitative evaluated by formula methods. It is not accurate, and not a good assessment method to solve the problems in the evacuation process. At the same time, the existing research on ticket gates of the station hall pedestrian evacuation facilities were studied from the aspects of multi-volume and utilization, and there are less researches on the location and layout arrangement of the ticket gates. Therefore, in order to evacuate the pedestrian system of subway station qualitatively and quantitatively, in this paper the simulations and reliability of the pedestrian evacuation were studied based on the pedestrian evacuation behavior and the actual subway station environment. And several important parameters impacted on the pedestrian evacuation were analyzed. At last, the ticket gates were optimized based on the researches above. In this paper Chunxi Road subway station was considered as a research object and the main contributions are as follows:(1) The platform hall has been modeled through analysis the hall and the distribution of pedestrians in the subway station.(2) Mathematical model of the subway station was set up through the analysis of pedestrians’ evacuation behaviors, combined with cellular automata and multi-agent theory. In the evacuation process, pedestrians follow the shortest path principle. The preparation time, speed and patience index of pedestrian evacuation were different, but pedestrians also have family behavior, herd behavior and avoid the obstacles and have a series of intelligent behavior.(3) The mathematical model should be turned into a model which computer can recognize. Evacuation simulation software has been written based on the platform of Visual Studio and the use of C++ language. In this article the classes and logic structure of C++ language have been briefly described in the software. While taking advantage of the software the evacuation of 1020 people scale in the subway station hall has been simulated, and improvements to the subway station hall have been suggested.(4) By using the software 500 times in the scale of 830 people, evacuation in subway hall station were simulated. Pedestrian evacuation system will be proved effective when evacuation time is less than the required time. Evacuation time can be calculated by the use of simulation, and the reliability of evacuation system can be get through normal fit and saddle points. At the same time several key parameters that affect pedestrian evacuation systems were analyzed quantitatively.(5) Critical data of outbound pedestrians’ walking paths can be obtained by conducting the researches of the pedestrian outbound. Location of the gates can be determined by the genetic algorithm while the total path of pedestrian evacuation is the shortest. The specific circumstances were compared when the pedestrians got through the station of the horizontal gates and the vertical gates. Arrangement of existing gates has been optimized and the utilization efficiency of the subway station has been improved, what’s more, residence time of the pedestrians in the subway station hall has been reduced by using the method in this paper.